We investigated the transport of Arctic shelf water and its impacts on the downstream hydrographic structures in the Amerasian Basin by combining data collected in the summer of 2016 from two international cruises in the Pacific sector. The East Siberian Sea (ESS), in which cold shelf water with salinity of 31.0–32.8 is produced, was identified to be a major source of the near-freezing temperature water for the Makarov Basin. This relatively low-salinity shelf water was transported into the Chukchi Abyssal Plain and occupied the subsurface layer (30–60 m), which led to the formation of a subsurface oceanic front stretching along the Chukchi Plateau and northern side of the Mendeleev Ridge. The offshore transport of waters from the ESS caused an intrusion of the Atlantic Water onto the shelf and promoted the formation of the diapycnally mixed Lower Halocline Water (D-LHW) at the bottom of the outer shelf. Our findings indicate that the source of the D-LHW in the Arctic Pacific sector might extend from the Chukchi Plateau to as far as the Makarov Basin. We hypothesize that advection of waters from the ESS into the Makarov Basin promotes development of the subsurface halocline in the Makarov Basin. The volume transport of surface waters (salinity less than 30) on the ESS shelf was estimated to be about 0.6 Sv (10⁶ m³ s⁻¹) eastward to the Canada Basin in 2016, consistent with the cyclonic Arctic circulation regime in 2016.

中文翻译：

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东西伯利亚海水团的分布和运移及其对北极盐环线的影响

我们通过结合 2016 年夏季从太平洋地区的两次国际航行收集的数据，调查了北极大陆架水的运输及其对美亚盆地下游水文结构的影响。东西伯利亚海 (ESS) 产生了盐度为 31.0-32.8 的冷大陆架水，被确定为马卡罗夫盆地接近冰点温度的水的主要来源。这种盐度相对较低的陆架水被输送到楚科奇深渊平原并占据了地下层（30-60 m），导致形成了沿着楚科奇高原和门捷列夫海岭北侧延伸的地下洋锋。来自 ESS 的水的海上运输导致大西洋水侵入陆架，并促进了在外陆架底部形成渗流混合下盐湖水 (D-LHW)。我们的研究结果表明，北太平洋地区 D-LHW 的来源可能从楚科奇高原延伸到马卡罗夫盆地。我们假设从 ESS 到 Makarov 盆地的水的平流促进了 Makarov 盆地地下盐层的发展。ESS 架上地表水（盐度小于 30）的体积传输估计约为 0.6 Sv（10 我们假设从 ESS 到马卡罗夫盆地的水的平流促进了马卡罗夫盆地地下盐层的发展。ESS 架上地表水（盐度小于 30）的体积传输估计约为 0.6 Sv（10 我们假设从 ESS 到 Makarov 盆地的水的平流促进了 Makarov 盆地地下盐层的发展。ESS 架上地表水（盐度小于 30）的体积传输估计约为 0.6 Sv（10⁶  m ³ s ^-1 ) 2016 年向东到加拿大盆地，与 2016 年北极气旋环流状况一致。