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Understanding Brazil’s catastrophic fires: Causes, consequences and policy needed to prevent future tragedies
Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation ( IF 4.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-21 , DOI: 10.1016/j.pecon.2021.06.005
Vânia R. Pivello 1 , Ima Vieira 2 , Alexander V. Christianini 3 , Danilo Bandini Ribeiro 4 , Luciana da Silva Menezes 5 , Christian Niel Berlinck 6 , Felipe P.L. Melo 7 , José Antonio Marengo 8 , Carlos Gustavo Tornquist 9 , Walfrido Moraes Tomas 10 , Gerhard E. Overbeck 5
Affiliation  

Brazil has experienced unprecedented wildfires in the last decade. Images of immense burnt areas or dead animals that failed to escape the 2020 wildfires have shocked the world. To prevent or minimize further similar disasters we must understand the factors that have led to these catastrophic events. The causes and consequences of wildfires entail complex interactions between the biophysical and sociocultural spheres, and suitable management decisions require a sound scientific base. We present the recent panorama of increasing fire outbreaks in the Brazilian biomes, and discuss the causes that have contributed to such fires, their impacts on the environment and overall consequences for human well-being, based on reviewing the extensive specialist literature, on authors’ expert knowledge and information provided by environmental managers, researchers and politicians during a workshop organized to debate the wildfire issue in Brazil. Our up-to-date review is aimed at the academic public, environmental managers and decision- and policy-makers. First, we present evidence on the contrasting effects of fire on different ecosystems. Second, we outline the historic perceptions and policies related to fire use and management in Brazil since its colonization to the present date. Third, we propose means to advance fire prevention and develop successful management strategies. Finally, we answer frequently asked questions to clarify and/or demystify some fire-related issues not always properly addressed in the media.



中文翻译:

了解巴西的灾难性火灾:预防未来悲剧的原因、后果和政策

巴西在过去十年中经历了前所未有的野火。未能逃脱 2020 年野火的大面积烧毁区域或死亡动物的图像震惊了世界。为了防止或尽量减少进一步的类似灾难,我们必须了解导致这些灾难性事件的因素。野火的原因和后果涉及生物物理和社会文化领域之间复杂的相互作用,适当的管理决策需要可靠的科学基础。我们展示了最近巴西生物群落中不断增加的火灾爆发的全景,并讨论了导致此类火灾的原因、它们对环境的影响以及对人类福祉的总体影响,基于对作者的大量专业文献的审查。环境管理人员提供的专业知识和信息,研究人员和政治家在组织讨论巴西野火问题的研讨会上。我们的最新评论针对的是学术公众、环境管理者以及决策者和政策制定者。首先,我们提供了关于火对不同生态系统的对比影响的证据。其次,我们概述了巴西自殖民以来至今与火灾使用和管理相关的历史观念和政策。第三,我们提出了推进防火和制定成功管理策略的方法。最后,我们会回答常见问题,以澄清和/或揭开媒体中并不总是正确解决的一些与火灾相关的问题的神秘面纱。环境管理者以及决策者和政策制定者。首先,我们提供了关于火对不同生态系统的对比影响的证据。其次,我们概述了巴西自殖民以来至今与火灾使用和管理相关的历史观念和政策。第三,我们提出了推进防火和制定成功管理策略的方法。最后,我们会回答常见问题,以澄清和/或揭开媒体中并不总是正确解决的一些与火灾相关的问题的神秘面纱。环境管理者以及决策者和政策制定者。首先,我们提供了关于火对不同生态系统的对比影响的证据。其次,我们概述了巴西自殖民以来至今与火灾使用和管理相关的历史观念和政策。第三,我们提出了推进防火和制定成功管理策略的方法。最后,我们会回答常见问题,以澄清和/或揭开媒体中并不总是正确解决的一些与火灾相关的问题的神秘面纱。我们提出了推进防火和制定成功管理策略的方法。最后,我们会回答常见问题,以澄清和/或揭开媒体中并不总是正确解决的一些与火灾相关的问题的神秘面纱。我们提出了推进防火和制定成功管理策略的方法。最后,我们会回答常见问题,以澄清和/或揭开媒体中并不总是正确解决的一些与火灾相关的问题的神秘面纱。

更新日期:2021-08-10
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