The bilateral effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) on motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) have been extensively studied and reviewed. However, the unilateral effects—in particular, the potential lateralized effects of left- versus right-sided DBS—have not been adequately recognized or studied. Here we summarized the current evidence and controversies in the literature regarding the lateralized effects of DBS on motor and non-motor outcomes in PD patients. Publications in English language before February 2021 were obtained from the PubMed database and included if they directly compared the effects of unilateral versus contralateral side DBS on motor or non-motor outcomes in PD. The current literature is overall of low-quality and is biased by various confounders. Researchers have investigated mainly PD patients receiving subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS while the potential lateralized effects of globus pallidus interna (GPi) DBS have not been adequately studied. Evidence suggests potential lateralized effects of STN DBS on axial motor symptoms and deleterious effects of left-sided DBS on language-related functions, in particular, the verbal fluency, in PD. The lateralized DBS effects on appendicular motor symptoms as well as other neurocognitive and neuropsychiatric domains remain inconclusive. Future studies should control for varying methodological approaches as well as clinical and DBS management heterogeneities, including symptom laterality, stimulation parameters, location of active contacts, and lead trajectories. This would contribute to improved treatment strategies such as personalized target selection, surgical planning, and postoperative management that ultimately benefit patients.

深部脑刺激 (DBS) 对帕金森病 (PD) 的运动和非运动症状的双边影响已得到广泛研究和审查。然而，单侧效应——尤其是左侧 DBS 与右侧 DBS 的潜在侧化效应——尚未得到充分认识或研究。在这里，我们总结了文献中关于 DBS 对 PD 患者运动和非运动结果的侧向影响的当前证据和争议。2021 年 2 月之前的英文出版物来自 PubMed 数据库，如果它们直接比较单侧和对侧 DBS 对 PD 运动或非运动结果的影响，则将其包括在内。目前的文献总体上质量低下，并且受到各种混杂因素的影响。研究人员主要调查了接受底丘脑核 (STN) DBS 的 PD 患者，而尚未充分研究苍白球内部 (GPi) DBS 的潜在侧化效应。证据表明 STN DBS 对轴向运动症状的潜在侧化影响以及左侧 DBS 对语言相关功能的有害影响，特别是语言流畅性，在 PD 中。偏侧 DBS 对四肢运动症状以及其他神经认知和神经精神领域的影响尚无定论。未来的研究应该控制不同的方法学方法以及临床和 DBS 管理的异质性，包括症状偏侧性、刺激参数、主动接触的位置和导联轨迹。