Positive parenting behaviors such as parental monitoring and support can protect adolescents from alcohol use, either directly or through buffering risk factors such as perceived peer alcohol use. However, it is unclear whether such moderating effects vary as a function of race, ethnicity, and gender. This study addressed the knowledge gap by exploring racial, ethnic, and gender differences in the potential moderating effects of perceived positive parenting on the association between perceived peer alcohol use and adolescent alcohol use. Using data from the U.S. Heath Behavior in School-Aged Children study collected in 2009–2010, this study focused on 6744 adolescents from Grades 7 to 10 and five racial and ethnic groups (White, Black, Asian American, Latinx, and multiracial). Multiple regression analyses with three-way interaction effects were conducted. All three perceived positive parenting measures (i.e., maternal monitoring, paternal monitoring, and parental support) moderated the influence of perceived peer alcohol use on adolescent alcohol use among White girls and boys, but the moderating effects were inconsistent for boys and girls of color. Racial, ethnic and gender differences exist among the moderating effects of perceived positive parenting. Parenting programs designed for White adolescents need to be tailored for adolescent boys and girls of color.

父母监督和支持等积极的养育行为可以直接或通过缓冲风险因素（如感知到的同伴饮酒）来保护青少年免于饮酒。然而，尚不清楚这种调节作用是否因种族、民族和性别而异。本研究通过探索感知积极养育对感知同伴饮酒和青少年饮酒之间关联的潜在调节作用的种族、民族和性别差异来解决知识差距。本研究使用 2009 年至 2010 年收集的美国学龄儿童健康行为研究数据，重点关注 6744 名 7 至 10 年级和五个种族和族裔群体（白人、黑人、亚裔美国人、拉丁裔和多种族）的青少年。进行了具有三向交互作用的多元回归分析。所有三种感知到的积极养育措施（即母亲监测、父亲监测和父母支持）都缓和了感知同伴饮酒对白人女孩和男孩青少年饮酒的影响，但对有色人种男孩和女孩的调节作用不一致。在感知积极养育的调节作用中存在种族、民族和性别差异。为白人青少年设计的育儿计划需要为有色人种的青春期男孩和女孩量身定制。但对有色人种男孩和女孩的调节效果不一致。在感知积极养育的调节作用中存在种族、民族和性别差异。为白人青少年设计的育儿计划需要为有色人种的青春期男孩和女孩量身定制。但对有色人种男孩和女孩的调节效果不一致。在感知积极养育的调节作用中存在种族、民族和性别差异。为白人青少年设计的育儿计划需要为有色人种的青春期男孩和女孩量身定制。