The co-management of different wastewater matrices can lead to synergistic effects in terms of pollutants removal. Here, the co-treatment of real municipal wastewater (MWW) and acid mine drainage (AMD) is comprehensively examined. Under the identified optimum co-treatment condition, i.e., 15 min contact time, 1:7 AMD to MWW liquid-to-liquid ratio, and ambient temperature and pH, the metal content of AMD (e.g., Al, Fe, Mn, Zn) was grossly (~95%) reduced along with sulphate (~92%), while MWW’s phosphate content was practically removed (≥99%). The PHREEQC geochemical model predicted the formation of (oxy)-hydroxides, (oxy)-hydro-sulphates, metals hydroxides, and other mineral phases in the produced sludge, which were confirmed using state-of-the-art analytical techniques such as FE-SEM-EDS and XRD. The key mechanisms governing pollutants removal include dilution, precipitation, co-precipitation, adsorption, and crystallization. Beneficiation and valorisation of the produced sludge and co-treated effluent could promote resource recovery paradigms in wastewater management. Overall, the co-treatment of AMD and MWW appear to be feasible, yet not practical due to the excessive volume of MWW that is required to attain the desired treatment quality. Future research could focus on chemical addition for the control of the pH and the use of (photo)-Fenton for enhancing treatment efficiency.

不同废水基质的共同管理可以在污染物去除方面产生协同效应。在这里，综合研究了实际城市废水 (MWW) 和酸性矿山排水 (AMD) 的协同处理。在确定的最佳协同处理条件下，即 15 分钟接触时间、1:7 AMD 与 MWW 液液比、环境温度和 pH 值下，AMD 的金属含量（例如，Al、Fe、Mn、Zn ) 与硫酸盐 (~92%) 一起大幅减少 (~95%)，而 MWW 的磷酸盐含量实际上被去除 (≥99%)。PHREEQC 地球化学模型预测了（氧）-氢氧化物、（氧）-硫酸氢盐、金属氢氧化物和其他矿物相在生产污泥中的形成，这些已使用最先进的分析技术（如 FE）得到证实-SEM-EDS 和 XRD。控制污染物去除的关键机制包括稀释、沉淀、共沉淀、吸附和结晶。对产生的污泥和协同处理的污水进行选矿和增值可以促进废水管理中的资源回收范式。总体而言，AMD 和 MWW 的联合治疗似乎是可行的，但由于获得所需的治疗质量所需的 MWW 量过多，因此不切实际。未来的研究可以集中在化学添加以控制 pH 值和使用（光）-芬顿来提高处理效率。AMD 和 MWW 的联合治疗似乎是可行的，但由于获得所需的治疗质量所需的 MWW 量过多，因此不切实际。未来的研究可以集中在化学添加以控制 pH 值和使用（光）-芬顿来提高处理效率。AMD 和 MWW 的联合治疗似乎是可行的，但由于获得所需的治疗质量所需的 MWW 量过多，因此不切实际。未来的研究可以集中在化学添加以控制 pH 值和使用（光）-芬顿来提高处理效率。