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Accurate Removal of Trace 17β-Estradiol and Estrogenic Activity in Blended Systems under a Photoelectrocatalytic Circulating Flow
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-22 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02630 Junzhuo Cai 1 , Yingjie Zhu 1 , Shanshan Xie 2 , Baoling Niu 1 , Ya-Nan Zhang 1 , Lina Li 3 , Dan Li 2 , Guohua Zhao 1
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-22 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02630 Junzhuo Cai 1 , Yingjie Zhu 1 , Shanshan Xie 2 , Baoling Niu 1 , Ya-Nan Zhang 1 , Lina Li 3 , Dan Li 2 , Guohua Zhao 1
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Trace 17β-estradiol (E2) is persistent against advanced treatment when blended with higher concentrations of low-toxicity organics, thus wasting energy. A circulating-flow selective photoelectrocatalysis (CF-SPEC) system is established with a selective E2-TiO2-NR photoanode, accurately reducing 1 μg L–1 E2 to less than 0.1 ng L–1 along with eliminating estrogenic activity even when blended with natural organic matter (NOM) at a thousand times higher concentration. Such high efficiency is derived from the augmented selectivity and activity of E2-TiO2-NRs toward E2 during CF-SPEC. Under a flow, the difference in adsorption capacity between NOM and E2 is further amplified 5.6-fold. Furthermore, the higher initial •OH concentration and faster mass transfer jointly endow CF-SPEC with a stronger oxidation capacity. As a result, the removal of E2 increases by 58.7%, and the elimination of estrogenic activity increases 5.8-fold. In addition, deeper mineralization and less homo- and heterocoupling under CF-SPEC are observed, leading to more thorough estrogenic activity removal. Although additional energy is needed to maintain the flow, there is a 55% decrease in energy consumption due to the accurate removal capacity. This work suggests a combination of flow degradation and surface engineering that can be expanded for the selective removal of toxic trace pollutants in blended systems.
中文翻译：
在光电催化循环流下准确去除混合体系中痕量 17β-雌二醇和雌激素活性
当与较高浓度的低毒有机物混合时，微量 17β-雌二醇 (E2) 对深度治疗具有持久性，从而浪费能源。一种循环流动选择性光电催化（CF-SPEC）系统建立与一个选择性的E2-的TiO 2 -NR光电阳极，准确地减少1微克大号-1 E2至小于0.1纳克大号-1甚至当与混合消除雌激素活性沿着浓度高一千倍的天然有机物 (NOM)。如此高的效率源于在 CF-SPEC 期间E2-TiO 2 -NRs 对 E2 的选择性和活性增强。在流动下，NOM 和 E2 之间的吸附容量差异进一步放大了 5.6 倍。此外，较高的初始•OH 浓度和更快的传质共同赋予 CF-SPEC 更强的氧化能力。结果，E2的去除增加了58.7%，雌激素活性的消除增加了5.8倍。此外，在 CF-SPEC 下观察到更深的矿化和更少的同质和异质偶联，导致更彻底的雌激素活性去除。虽然需要额外的能量来维持流量，但由于精确的去除能力，能耗降低了 55%。这项工作建议将流动降解和表面工程相结合，可以扩展到选择性去除混合系统中的有毒痕量污染物。
更新日期：2021-09-21
中文翻译：
在光电催化循环流下准确去除混合体系中痕量 17β-雌二醇和雌激素活性
当与较高浓度的低毒有机物混合时，微量 17β-雌二醇 (E2) 对深度治疗具有持久性，从而浪费能源。一种循环流动选择性光电催化（CF-SPEC）系统建立与一个选择性的E2-的TiO 2 -NR光电阳极，准确地减少1微克大号-1 E2至小于0.1纳克大号-1甚至当与混合消除雌激素活性沿着浓度高一千倍的天然有机物 (NOM)。如此高的效率源于在 CF-SPEC 期间E2-TiO 2 -NRs 对 E2 的选择性和活性增强。在流动下，NOM 和 E2 之间的吸附容量差异进一步放大了 5.6 倍。此外，较高的初始•OH 浓度和更快的传质共同赋予 CF-SPEC 更强的氧化能力。结果，E2的去除增加了58.7%，雌激素活性的消除增加了5.8倍。此外，在 CF-SPEC 下观察到更深的矿化和更少的同质和异质偶联，导致更彻底的雌激素活性去除。虽然需要额外的能量来维持流量，但由于精确的去除能力，能耗降低了 55%。这项工作建议将流动降解和表面工程相结合，可以扩展到选择性去除混合系统中的有毒痕量污染物。
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