The interactions between groundwater depth and soil hydrological processes, play an important role in both arid and semi-arid ecosystems. The effect of groundwater depth on soil water variations were neglected or not explicitly treated. In this paper, we combine a simulation experiment and a water flow module of HYDRUS-1D model to study the variation in soil evaporation under different groundwater depth conditions and the relationship between groundwater depth and evaporation efficiency in Horqin Sandy Land, China. The results showed that with an increase in groundwater depth, the evaporation of soil and the recharge of groundwater decrease. In this study, the groundwater recharge did not account for more than 21% of the soil evaporation for the depths of groundwater examined. The soil water content at 60 cm was less affected by the evaporation efficiency when the mean groundwater depth was 61 cm during the experimental period. In addition, the evaporation efficiency (the ratio of actual evaporation to potential evaporation) decreases with the increase in groundwater depth during the experiment. Furthermore, the soil evaporation was not affected by groundwater when the groundwater depth was deeper than 239 cm.

地下水深度与土壤水文过程之间的相互作用在干旱和半干旱生态系统中都发挥着重要作用。地下水深度对土壤水分变化的影响被忽略或没有明确处理。本文结合模拟实验和HYDRUS-1D模型的水流模块，研究了科尔沁沙地不同地下水深度条件下土壤蒸发的变化以及地下水深度与蒸发效率的关系。结果表明，随着地下水深度的增加，土壤蒸发量和地下水补给量减少。在这项研究中，地下水补给量不超过所检查地下水深度的土壤蒸发量的 21%。试验期间平均地下水深度为61 cm时，60 cm处土壤含水量受蒸发效率影响较小。此外，蒸发效率（实际蒸发量与潜在蒸发量之比）随着试验过程中地下水深度的增加而降低。此外，当地下水深度大于239 cm时，土壤蒸发不受地下水影响。