The contribution of Douglas-fir (Df) to European forests is likely to increase as the species is a potential adaptation option to climate change. In this study, we investigated growth and survival of Df seed sources to fill a knowledge gap regarding recommendations for the future use of Df provenances in Poland. Our experimental test site represents the most continental climate among all Df trials installed in the IUFRO 1966–67 test series in Europe. At this unique single site, we evaluated the performance of 46 Df provenances from North America, and nine local landraces of unknown origin. Repeated measurements of tree diameter, height, and volume were analysed, to age 48, representing integrated responses to geographic and climatic conditions. Significant variation in survival and productivity-related traits were found, with the interior Df provenances performing best, in contrast to previous European reports. The higher survivability and volume of the interior provenances resulted from their superior frost resistance. The low precipitation seasonality at the location of seed origin provided an additional advantage to the trees at the test site. Geographic and climatic factors of seed origin explained most of the variation in productivity (77 and 64%, respectively). The tested landraces exhibited diverse performance, implying that naturalized local seed sources in Poland need improvement and perhaps enrichment with new genetic material from North America, while considering geography and climate. Assisted migration programs should consider the limitations imposed by both frost and drought events in guiding future Df selections for continental climates. Further field testing, early greenhouse screening and DNA testing are also recommended.

花旗松 (Df) 对欧洲森林的贡献可能会增加，因为该物种是气候变化的潜在适应选择。在这项研究中，我们调查了 Df 种子来源的生长和存活，以填补关于未来在波兰使用 Df 来源的建议的知识空白。在欧洲 IUFRO 1966-67 测试系列中安装的所有 Df 试验中，我们的实验测试场地代表了最具大陆性的气候。在这个独特的单一地点，我们评估了来自北美的 46 个 Df 种源和 9 个来源不明的当地地方品种的性能。对树木直径、高度和体积的重复测量进行了分析，直至 48 岁，代表对地理和气候条件的综合反应。发现生存和生产力相关性状的显着变化，与之前的欧洲报告相比，内部 Df 出处表现最好。由于其卓越的抗冻性，内部出处具有更高的生存能力和体积。种子产地的低降水季节性为试验地点的树木提供了额外的优势。种子来源的地理和气候因素解释了生产力的大部分变化（分别为 77% 和 64%）。测试的地方品种表现出不同的表现，这意味着在考虑地理和气候的同时，波兰归化的当地种子来源需要改进，可能还需要用来自北美的新遗传材料进行丰富。在指导未来大陆气候的 Df 选择时，辅助迁移计划应考虑霜冻和干旱事件造成的限制。