This study aimed to determine the transfer of metals (Cd, Pb and Zn) and As to a Mediterranean forest close to five tailings ponds in Cartagena-La Union mining district (SE Spain). In addition, the effect of the rhizosphere of two native plant species, Olea europaea (OE) and Pistacia lentiscus (PL), on soil properties and chemical speciation of metal(oid)s was evaluated. Results showed there was no influence of the rhizosphere in the total concentration of metal(loid)s in soil, decreasing as Pb > Zn > As > Cd. Chemical partitioning revealed that only Cd and As can be considered hazardous, with a high percentage of these elements in the soil-labile fractions (20–40%). The accumulation in vegetal tissues was only high for Pb in PL roots, which makes it a suitable species for phytostabilization. Additionally, translocation factors showed transfer of Pb and Zn in OE, and Zn in PL to aerial parts, although no toxicity evidences for plants or animals were found. Finally, soil properties affected metal(loid)s accumulation in plants. The OE species was related to soil-labile metal(loid) fractions and pH, total N, organic carbon and silt content. The PL species were associated with immobilized metal(loid) fractions, sand content, electrical conductivity and total concentrations of As, Cd and Pb. Hence, mining activity has affected native adjacent soils, with accumulation of metals in plant species, although translocation was low, likely due to physiological strategies of the studied species to protect themselves against hazardous elements, and to the high soil pH, which limits metals’ mobility.

本研究旨在确定金属（Cd、Pb 和 Zn）和 As 向靠近卡塔赫纳拉联合矿区（西班牙东南部）五个尾矿池的地中海森林的转移。此外，两种本地植物物种油橄榄(OE) 和Pistacia lentiscus根际的影响（PL），对土壤特性和金属（类）的化学形态进行了评估。结果表明，根际对土壤中金属（类）元素的总浓度没有影响，随着Pb > Zn > As > Cd 降低。化学分配表明只有 Cd 和 As 被认为是有害的，这些元素在土壤不稳定部分中的比例很高（20-40%）。植物组织中的积累仅对 PL 根中的 Pb 高，这使其成为植物稳定的合适物种。此外，易位因子显示 OE 中的 Pb 和 Zn 以及 PL 中的 Zn 转移到地上部分，尽管没有发现对植物或动物的毒性证据。最后，土壤特性影响植物中金属（类物质）的积累。OE 物种与土壤不稳定的金属（样）组分和 pH 值、总 N、有机碳和淤泥含量。PL 物种与固定化金属（类）组分、沙含量、电导率和 As、Cd 和 Pb 的总浓度有关。因此，采矿活动影响了邻近的原生土壤，植物物种中金属的积累，尽管易位率很低，这可能是由于所研究物种保护自己免受有害元素侵害的生理策略，以及高土壤 pH 值，这限制了金属流动性。