Pesticides may manipulate plant physiology as non-target organisms. In this study, we examined biochemical responses of pistachio plants (Pistacia vera L.) to imidacloprid and phosalone as common pesticides used to control pistachio psyllids. Enzymatic characterization in treated plants with pesticides showed greater specific activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione S-transferase compared with untreated plants during 14 days after treatment. Further experiments displayed elevated levels of total phenols and total proteins coupled with significant increases in proline and total soluble carbohydrate contents in treated plants in comparison to untreated plants. Moreover, pesticide treatment leads to a significant decrease in polyphenol oxidase activity. Nevertheless, no significant changes in contents of hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, total chlorophyll, and electrolyte leakage index were obtained in treated plants. Pesticides’ impacts on host plant physiology resulted in similar responses between two pesticides with differences in peak days. Overall, the findings of this study provide an insight into the side effects of phosalone and imidacloprid, chemicals with no specific target site in plants, on the physiology and biochemistry of pistachio plants at recommended rates.

农药可以作为非目标生物操纵植物生理。在这项研究中，我们检查了开心果植物 ( Pistacia vera L.) 对吡虫啉和磷酮作为用于控制开心果木虱的常用杀虫剂的生化反应。用杀虫剂处理过的植物的酶学表征显示超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、愈创木酚过氧化物酶、苯丙氨酸解氨酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶和谷胱甘肽S 的比活性更高-转移酶在处理后的 14 天内与未处理的植物进行比较。进一步的实验表明，与未经处理的植物相比，经过处理的植物中总酚和总蛋白质水平升高，同时脯氨酸和总可溶性碳水化合物含量显着增加。此外，农药处理导致多酚氧化酶活性显着降低。然而，在处理过的植物中，过氧化氢、丙二醛、总叶绿素和电解质泄漏指数的含量没有显着变化。农药对寄主植物生理学的影响导致两种农药之间的相似反应，但峰值天数不同。总的来说，这项研究的结果提供了对磷酮和吡虫啉的副作用的洞察，这些化学物质在植物中没有特定的目标位点，