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Phylogeny based on ultra-conserved elements clarifies the evolution of rails and allies (Ralloidea) and is the basis for a revised classification
Ornithology ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-16 , DOI: 10.1093/ornithology/ukab042
Jeremy J Kirchman 1 , Nancy Rotzel McInerney 2 , Thomas C Giarla 3 , Storrs L Olson 4 , Elizabeth Slikas 2, 5 , Robert C Fleischer 2
Affiliation  

The rails (Family Rallidae) are the most diverse and widespread group in the Gruiformes. Their extensive fossil history, global geographic distribution, and tendency to rapidly evolve flightless species on islands make them an attractive subject of evolutionary studies, but the rarity of modern museum specimens of so many rail species has, until recently, limited the scope of molecular phylogenetics studies. As a result, the classification of rails remains one of the most unsettled among major bird radiations. We extracted DNA from museum specimens of 82 species, including 27 from study skins collected as long ago as 1875, and generated nucleotide sequences from thousands of homologous ultra-conserved elements (UCEs). Our phylogenetic analyses, using both concatenation and multispecies coalescent approaches, resulted in well-supported and highly congruent phylogenies that resolve the major lineages of rails and reveal several currently recognized genera to be polyphyletic. A fossil-calibrated time tree is well-resolved and supports the hypothesis that rails split into 2 major lineages (subfamilies Himantornithinae and Rallinae) ~34 mya, but clade age estimates have wide confidence intervals. Our results, combined with results of other recently published phylogenomics studies of rails and other Gruiformes, form the basis for a proposed classification of the Rallidae that recognizes 40 genera in 9 tribes.

中文翻译:

基于超保守元素的系统发育阐明了轨道和盟友(Ralloidea)的演变,是修订分类的基础

铁轨(Family Rallidae)是Gruiformes中最多样化和最广泛的群体。它们广泛的化石历史、全球地理分布以及在岛屿上快速进化不会飞的物种的趋势使它们成为进化研究的一个有吸引力的主题,但直到最近,如此多铁路物种的现代博物馆标本的稀有性限制了分子系统发育学的范围学习。因此,铁轨的分类仍然是主要鸟类辐射中最不稳定的分类之一。我们从 82 个物种的博物馆标本中提取了 DNA,其中 27 个来自早在 1875 年收集的研究皮肤,并从数千个同源超保守元素 (UCE) 中生成了核苷酸序列。我们的系统发育分析,使用串联和多物种合并方法,导致了得到良好支持和高度一致的系统发育,这些系统发育解决了铁轨的主要谱系,并揭示了几个目前公认的多系属。化石校准的时间树得到了很好的解决,并支持铁轨分为 2 个主要谱系(亚科 Himantornithinae 和 Rallinae)~34 mya 的假设,但进化枝年龄估计有很大的置信区间。我们的研究结果与其他最近发表的关于铁轨和其他鹧鸪形目的系统发育学研究结果相结合,构成了对 Rallidae 进行分类的基础,该分类可识别 9 个部落中的 40 个属。化石校准的时间树得到了很好的解决,并支持铁轨分为 2 个主要谱系(亚科 Himantornithinae 和 Rallinae)~34 mya 的假设,但进化枝年龄估计有很大的置信区间。我们的研究结果与其他最近发表的关于铁轨和其他鹧鸪形目的系统发育学研究结果相结合,构成了对 Rallidae 进行分类的基础,该分类可识别 9 个部落中的 40 个属。化石校准的时间树得到了很好的解决,并支持铁轨分为 2 个主要谱系(亚科 Himantornithinae 和 Rallinae)~34 mya 的假设,但进化枝年龄估计有很大的置信区间。我们的研究结果与其他最近发表的关于铁轨和其他鹧鸪形目的系统发育学研究结果相结合,构成了对 Rallidae 进行分类的基础,该分类可识别 9 个部落中的 40 个属。
更新日期:2021-07-16
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