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Using sustainable development indicators in developing Saudi cities—case study: Makkah city
International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-21 , DOI: 10.1093/ijlct/ctab053
Mansour Helmi 1 , Ibrahim Hegazy 1 , Emad Qurnfulah 1 , Rahif Maddah 2 , Hossam Samir 1
Affiliation  

Abstract
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has achieved a rate of 69% in development sustainability level and ranked 101st out of 157 countries participating in the United Nations (UN) Convention of Sustainable Development Achievement. This shows a weakness in the extent of achieving sustainable development in the cities of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Therefore, Makkah city, as one of the most significant cities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, was selected to measure to what extent it achieves sustainable development. The study sought to identify the indicators through which the extent of sustainable development achievement can be measured in Makkah. The values of indicators in Makkah were determined with reference to the accredited authorities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, such as the General Authority for Statistics and the establishment of the Makkah Comprehensive Plan. In addition, the quality-of-life program document was reviewed and links between the sustainable development indicators and livability indicators included in the quality-of-life document were considered. Then, a gap analysis was identified to find out the difference between the status in Makkah and the standard established by the UN and those included in the quality-of-life document. Finally, the study revealed the extent of achieving sustainable development in Makkah, which reached a score of 77.5%. The weaknesses of the city were determined in comparison to the established standards. Initiations and several programs were proposed for the purpose of bridging the gap identified in the study.


中文翻译:

在沙特城市发展中使用可持续发展指标——案例研究:麦加市

摘要
沙特阿拉伯王国的发展可持续性水平达到了 69%,在参加联合国 (UN) 可持续发展成就公约的 157 个国家中排名第 101 位。这表明沙特阿拉伯王国城市在实现可持续发展方面存在弱点。因此,麦加市作为沙特阿拉伯王国最重要的城市之一,被选为衡量其实现可持续发展的程度。该研究旨在确定衡量麦加可持续发展成就程度的指标。麦加的指标值是参考沙特阿拉伯王国的认可机构确定的,例如统计总局和麦加综合计划的建立。此外,还审查了生活质量计划文件,并考虑了生活质量文件中包含的可持续发展指标和宜居性指标之间的联系。然后,确定了差距分析,以找出麦加的地位与联合国制定的标准以及生活质量文件中包含的标准之间的差异。最后,该研究揭示了麦加实现可持续发展的程度,得分达到 77.5%。与既定标准相比,确定了城市的弱点。为了弥合研究中发现的差距,提出了一些倡议和若干计划。审查了生活质量方案文件,并考虑了生活质量文件中的可持续发展指标和宜居性指标之间的联系。然后,确定了差距分析,以找出麦加的地位与联合国制定的标准以及生活质量文件中包含的标准之间的差异。最后,该研究揭示了麦加实现可持续发展的程度,得分达到 77.5%。与既定标准相比,确定了城市的弱点。为了弥合研究中发现的差距,提出了一些倡议和若干计划。审查了生活质量方案文件,并考虑了生活质量文件中的可持续发展指标和宜居性指标之间的联系。然后,确定了差距分析,以找出麦加的地位与联合国制定的标准以及生活质量文件中包含的标准之间的差异。最后,该研究揭示了麦加实现可持续发展的程度,得分达到 77.5%。与既定标准相比,确定了城市的弱点。为了弥合研究中发现的差距,提出了一些倡议和若干计划。确定了差距分析,以找出麦加的地位与联合国制定的标准以及生活质量文件中包含的标准之间的差异。最后,该研究揭示了麦加实现可持续发展的程度,得分达到 77.5%。与既定标准相比,确定了城市的弱点。为了弥合研究中发现的差距,提出了一些倡议和若干计划。确定了差距分析,以找出麦加的地位与联合国制定的标准以及生活质量文件中包含的标准之间的差异。最后,该研究揭示了麦加实现可持续发展的程度,得分达到 77.5%。与既定标准相比,确定了城市的弱点。为了弥合研究中发现的差距,提出了一些倡议和若干计划。与既定标准相比,确定了城市的弱点。为了弥合研究中发现的差距,提出了一些倡议和若干计划。与既定标准相比,确定了城市的弱点。为了弥合研究中发现的差距,提出了一些倡议和若干计划。
更新日期:2021-07-21
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