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Cutting through the noise on negative emissions
Joule ( IF 38.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-21 , DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2021.06.013
Sam Uden 1, 2 , Paul Dargusch 1 , Chris Greig 3
Affiliation  

Negative-emission technologies (NETs) are widely viewed as a risky backstop technology for climate change mitigation. In this perspective, we challenge this limited view of NETs. We show how, notwithstanding their merit, integrated assessment models (IAMs) are largely responsible for establishing this opposition to NETs. This is because IAM-based assessments of NETs dominate the policy-facing literature, but as a result of model limitations, we are left with a deceptively shallow understanding of the role NETs could play to support long-term mitigation goals. Therefore, in the second part of this perspective, we provide a non-IAM-based fresh take on NETs. We explore NETs via a bottom-up analysis and introduce a decision-making framework to determine the circumstances under which NETs could provide value as a mitigation option at jurisdictional scales. We apply this framework to case studies in California and New Mexico, highlighting how NETs could overcome socio-technical obstacles and unlock a variety of environmental and social co-benefits as part of helping to achieve time-bound mitigation goals. Overall, this perspective aims to cut through what we see as a noisy discourse on NETs, which is wrapped-up in concerns that are dependent on scenario modeling and offer a plain evaluation of NETs as a potential climate change mitigation option.



中文翻译:

消除负排放的噪音

负排放技术 (NET) 被广泛视为缓解气候变化的风险支持技术。从这个角度来看,我们挑战了这种有限的 NET 观点。我们展示了尽管有其优点,但综合评估模型 (IAM) 如何在很大程度上负责建立对 NET 的这种反对。这是因为基于 IAM 的 NET 评估在面向政策的文献中占主导地位,但由于模型的局限性,我们对 NET 在支持长期缓解目标方面可以发挥的作用的理解过于肤浅。因此,在本视角的第二部分,我们提供了一个非基于 IAM 的 NET 的全新视角。我们通过自下而上的分析探索 NET,并引入了一个决策框架,以确定在何种情况下 NET 可以提供价值作为管辖范围内的缓解选项。我们将此框架应用于加利福尼亚州和新墨西哥州的案例研究,重点介绍 NET 如何克服社会技术障碍并释放各种环境和社会协同效益,作为帮助实现有时限的缓解目标的一部分。总体而言,这一观点旨在消除我们所看到的关于 NET 的嘈杂话语,这些话语包含在依赖于情景建模的担忧中,并提供对 NET 作为潜在气候变化缓解选项的简单评估。强调 NET 如何克服社会技术障碍并释放各种环境和社会协同效益,作为帮助实现有时限的缓解目标的一部分。总体而言,这一观点旨在消除我们所看到的关于 NET 的嘈杂话语,这些话语包含在依赖于情景建模的担忧中,并提供对 NET 作为潜在气候变化缓解选项的简单评估。强调 NET 如何克服社会技术障碍并释放各种环境和社会协同效益,作为帮助实现有时限的缓解目标的一部分。总体而言,这一观点旨在消除我们所看到的关于 NET 的嘈杂话语,这些话语包含在依赖于情景建模的担忧中,并提供对 NET 作为潜在气候变化缓解选项的简单评估。

更新日期:2021-08-19
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