Lithium-sulfur (Li–S) batteries are regarded as potential alternatives to lithium-ion batteries due to their extremely high theoretical energy density. Nevertheless, Li–S batteries still suffer from low coulombic efficiency, low sulfur utilization, and poor cycling life, which hinder their further applications. To obtain ideal Li–S cells, intensive work has been dedicated to improve the conductivity of the electrode, inhibiting the shuttle of lithium polysulfides, and promoting the redox of sulfur. Two-dimensional transition metal carbides, nitrides or carbonitrides, also known as MXenes, attracting significant research interest in Li–S batteries due to their high conductivity, abundant active sites, layered structure and adjustable surface chemistry. In this review, we summarize the partial etching methods of MXenes with different surface terminations, the role of MXenes in Li–S batteries and MXene-based composites designed for Li–S batteries based on interfacial chemistry and interlayer structure. In the end, we also propose the perspectives of MXenes for Li–S batteries.

锂硫（Li-S）电池因其极高的理论能量密度而被认为是锂离子电池的潜在替代品。尽管如此，Li-S电池仍然存在库仑效率低、硫利用率低和循环寿命差的问题，阻碍了它们的进一步应用。为了获得理想的Li-S电池，大量的工作致力于提高电极的导电性，抑制多硫化锂的穿梭，促进硫的氧化还原。二维过渡金属碳化物、氮化物或碳氮化物，也称为 MXenes，由于其高电导率、丰富的活性位点、层状结构和可调节的表面化学性质，引起了锂硫电池的重大研究兴趣。在这次审查中，我们总结了具有不同表面终止的 MXenes 的部分蚀刻方法、MXenes 在 Li-S 电池中的作用以及基于界面化学和夹层结构为 Li-S 电池设计的 MXene 基复合材料。最后，我们还提出了 MXenes 对 Li-S 电池的展望。