Estimation of the accuracy of 2D-3D registration is paramount for a correct evaluation of its outcome in both research and clinical studies. Publicly available datasets with standardized evaluation methodology are necessary for validation and comparison of 2D-3D registration techniques. Given the large use of 2D-3D registration in biomechanics, we introduced the first gold standard validation dataset for computed tomography (CT)-to-x-ray registration of the hip joint, based on fluoroscopic images with large rotation angles. As the ground truth computed with fiducial markers is affected by localization errors in the image datasets, we proposed a new methodology based on uncertainty propagation to estimate the accuracy of a gold standard dataset.

中文翻译：

---

基于不确定性建模的髋关节2D-3D配准金标准数据集

估计 2D-3D 配准的准确性对于在研究和临床研究中正确评估其结果至关重要。具有标准化评估方法的公开可用数据集对于 2D-3D 配准技术的验证和比较是必要的。鉴于 2D-3D 配准在生物力学中的大量使用，我们引入了第一个黄金标准验证数据集，用于基于大旋转角度的透视图像对髋关节进行计算机断层扫描 (CT) 到 X 射线的配准。由于使用基准标记计算的地面实况受图像数据集中定位误差的影响，我们提出了一种基于不确定性传播的新方法来估计黄金标准数据集的准确性。