Abstract

Introduction

Interventions based on Yogic Breathing Practices (IB-YBP) have shown promising results for substance use disorders (SUD). Research in this area is methodologically heterogeneous and only a few, but restricted, systematic reviews are available. The current systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness of IB-YBP for SUD. Materials and Methods: PubMed, Cochrane’s Library, EBSCO-Medline, and Google Scholar databases were searched for the randomized- (RCTs) and quasi-randomized trials. Research involving participants with SUD, of either gender or any age, assessing the effectiveness of the IB-YBP either as a standalone intervention or as an adjuvant to standard treatment versus standard pharmacological/non-pharmacological treatment or no-intervention control were included. Studies having participants with co-morbid psychiatric illness and interventions not having IB-YBP as the predominant component were excluded. Results: The initial literature search yielded 396 articles and upon screening, only 14 studies were found eligible for this review. Most studies have researched IB-YBP as an adjunct to the standard treatment for SUD. Evidence for the effectiveness of IB-YBP is mostly available for tobacco and opioid use disorders, though only for short-term outcomes; however, literature is scarce for alcohol- and cocaine-use disorders. This review documented the effectiveness of the IB-YBP for substance use-related outcome parameters such as abstinence, quality of life (QoL), mood, craving, and withdrawal symptoms. Conclusion: IB-YBP may be an effective adjuvant to standard treatment for various SUD. However, more research is required to compare its effectiveness with standard treatment, and assessing its long-term efficacy, for it to be strongly recommended as a treatment strategy.

中文翻译：

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基于瑜伽呼吸练习 (IB-YBP) 干预药物使用障碍的有效性——随机对照试验和准实验试验的系统评价

摘要

介绍

基于瑜伽呼吸练习 (IB-YBP) 的干预措施已显示出对物质使用障碍 (SUD) 的可喜结果。该领域的研究在方法上是异质的，只有少数但有限的系统评价可用。目前的系统评价旨在评估 IB-YBP 对 SUD 的有效性。材料和方法：搜索了 PubMed、Cochrane 图书馆、EBSCO-Medline 和 Google Scholar 数据库中的随机（RCT）和准随机试验。研究涉及性别或任何年龄的 SUD 参与者，评估 IB-YBP 作为独立干预或作为标准治疗的辅助与标准药物/非药物治疗或无干预控制的有效性。排除了患有共病精神疾病的参与者和不以 IB-YBP 作为主要成分的干预措施的研究。结果：最初的文献搜索产生了 396 篇文章，经过筛选，只有 14 项研究符合本次审查的条件。大多数研究都将 IB-YBP 作为 SUD 标准治疗的辅助手段进行了研究。IB-YBP 有效性的证据大多可用于烟草和阿片类药物使用障碍，但仅适用于短期结果；然而，关于酒精和可卡因使用障碍的文献很少。这篇综述记录了 IB-YBP 对物质使用相关结果参数的有效性，例如禁欲、生活质量 (QoL)、情绪、渴望和戒断症状。结论：IB-YBP 可能是各种 SUD 标准治疗的有效辅助剂。然而，需要更多的研究来比较其与标准治疗的有效性，并评估其长期疗效，以强烈推荐将其作为治疗策略。