Vertebrates have an elaborate and functionally segmented body. It evolves from a single cell by systematic cell proliferation but attains a complex body structure with exquisite precision. This development requires two cellular events: cell cycle and ciliogenesis. For these events, the dynamic molecular signaling is converged at the centriole. The cell cycle helps in cell proliferation and growth of the body and is a highly regulated and integrated process. Its errors cause malignancies and developmental disorders. The cells newly proliferated are organized during organogenesis. For a cellular organization, dedicated signaling hubs are developed in the cells, and most often cilia are utilized. The cilium is generated from one of the centrioles involved in cell proliferation. The developmental signaling pathways hosted in cilia are essential for the elaboration of the body plan. The cilium's compartmental seclusion is ideal for noise-free molecular signaling and is essential for the precision of the body layout. The dysfunctional centrioles and primary cilia distort the development of body layout that manifest as serious developmental disorders. Thus, centriole has a dual role in the growth and cellular organization. It organizes dynamically expressed molecules of cell cycle and ciliogenesis and plays a balancing act to generate new cells and organize them during development. A putative master molecule may regulate and co-ordinate the dynamic gene expression at the centrioles. The convergence of many critical signaling components at the centriole reiterates the idea that centriole is a major molecular workstation involved in elaborating the structural design and complexity in vertebrates.

中文翻译：

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中心粒是脊椎动物早期发育过程中协调细胞增殖和组织动态信号传导的关键


脊椎动物有一个复杂且功能分段的身体。它从单个细胞通过系统的细胞增殖进化而来，但获得了精确度极高的复杂身体结构。这种发育需要两个细胞事件：细胞周期和纤毛发生。对于这些事件，动态分子信号传导集中在中心粒处。细胞周期有助于细胞增殖和身体生长，是一个高度调控和整合的过程。它的错误会导致恶性肿瘤和发育障碍。新增殖的细胞在器官发生过程中被组织起来。对于细胞组织来说，细胞中会发育出专用的信号中枢，并且最常见的是利用纤毛。纤毛是由参与细胞增殖的中心粒之一产生的。纤毛中的发育信号通路对于身体计划的制定至关重要。纤毛的区室隔离是无噪声分子信号传导的理想选择，对于身体布局的精确性至关重要。功能失调的中心粒和初级纤毛扭曲了身体布局的发育，表现为严重的发育障碍。因此，中心粒在生长和细胞组织中具有双重作用。它组织细胞周期和纤毛发生的动态表达分子，并发挥平衡作用以产生新细胞并在发育过程中组织它们。假定的主分子可以调节和协调中心粒的动态基因表达。中心粒上许多关键信号成分的汇聚重申了这样的观点：中心粒是参与阐述脊椎动物结构设计和复杂性的主要分子工作站。