The microbial communities associated to the rhizosphere (the rhizomicrobiome) have a substantial impact on plant growth and yield. Understanding the effects of agricultural management on the rhizomicrobiome is very important for selecting efficient practices. By sequencing the V4 region of 16S rRNA for bacteria and the ITS1 regions and fungi, we investigated the influences of agronomic practices, including cucumber grafting on cucurbit hybrid (Cucurbita moschata × C. maxima), cucumber-garlic intercropping, and treatment with fungicide iprodione-carbendazim on cucumber rhizosphere microbial communities during plant growth. Soil dehydrogenase activity (DHA) and plant vegetative parameters were assessed as an indicator of overall soil microbial activity. We found that both treatments and growth stage induced significant shifts in microbial community structure. Grafting had the highest number of differentially abundant OTUs compared to control samples, followed by intercropping and fungicide treatment, while plant development stage affected both alpha and beta diversities indices and composition of the rhizomicrobiome. DHA was more dependent on plant growth stages than on treatments. Among the assessed factors, grafting and plant developmental stage resulted in the greatest changes in the microbial community composition. Grafting also increased the plant growth parameters, suggesting that this method should be further investigated in vegetable production systems.

中文翻译：

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黄瓜 (Cucumis sativus L.) 根际微生物群落对某些农艺管理措施的响应

与根际相关的微生物群落（根际微生物组）对植物生长和产量有重大影响。了解农业管理对根际微生物组的影响对于选择有效的实践非常重要。通过对细菌和 ITS1 区域和真菌的 16S rRNA 的 V4 区域进行测序，我们研究了农艺实践的影响，包括黄瓜嫁接对葫芦科杂种（Cucurbita moschata × C. maxima)、黄瓜-大蒜间作，以及在植物生长过程中用杀菌剂异菌脲-多菌灵处理黄瓜根际微生物群落。土壤脱氢酶活性 (DHA) 和植物营养参数被评估为整体土壤微生物活性的指标。我们发现处理和生长阶段都会引起微生物群落结构的显着变化。与对照样品相比，嫁接具有最高数量的差异丰富的 OTU，其次是间作和杀菌剂处理，而植物发育阶段影响 alpha 和 beta 多样性指数和根际微生物组的组成。DHA 更依赖于植物生长阶段而不是处理。在评估的因素中，嫁接和植物发育阶段导致微生物群落组成的最大变化。