Pyricularia oryzae is a multi-host pathogen causing cereal disease, including the devastating rice blast. Panicle blast is a serious stage, leading to severe yield loss. Thirty-one isolates (average 4.1%) were collected from the rice panicle lesions at nine locations covering Jiangsu province from 2010 to 2017. These isolates were characterized as Pyricularia sp. jiangsuensis distinct from known Pyricularia species. The representative strain 18-2 can infect rice panicle, root and five kinds of grasses. Intriguingly, strain 18-2 can co-infect rice leaf with P. oryzae Guy11. The whole genome of P. sp. jiangsuensis 18-2 was sequenced. Nine effectors were distributed in translocation or inversion region, which may link to the rapid evolution of effectors. Twenty-one homologues of known blast-effectors were identified in strain 18-2, seven effectors including the homologues of SLP1, BAS2, BAS113, CDIP2/3, MoHEG16 and Avr-Pi54, were upregulated in the sample of inoculated panicle with strain 18-2 at 24 hpi compared with inoculation at 8 hpi. Our results provide evidences that P. sp. jiangsuensis represents an addition to the mycobiota of blast disease. This study advances our understanding of the pathogenicity of P. sp. jiangsuensis to hosts, which sheds new light on the adaptability in the co-evolution of pathogen and host.

中文翻译：

---

梨形孢菌 江苏省稻田隐匿稻穗瘟新病原 jiangsuensis

Pyricularia oryzae是一种多宿主病原体，可引起谷物病害，包括毁灭性的稻瘟病。穗瘟是一个严重的阶段，导致严重的产量损失。2010 年至 2017 年，从覆盖江苏省的 9 个地点的水稻穗病斑中收集到 31 个分离株（平均 4.1%）。这些分离株被表征为Pyricularia sp。jiangsuensis不同于已知的Pyricularia物种。代表菌株18-2可侵染水稻穗、根和五种禾本科植物。有趣的是，菌株 18-2 可以与P共感染稻叶。水稻Guy11. P的全基因组。sp. 江苏人18-2 被排序。9个效应子分布在易位或倒位区，这可能与效应子的快速进化有关。在菌株 18-2 中鉴定了 21 个已知爆炸效应子的同源物，其中 7 个效应子包括SLP1、BAS2、BAS113、CDIP2/3、MoHEG16和Avr-Pi54的同源物，在接种菌株 18 的穗样品中上调与 8 hpi 接种相比，24 hpi 时为 -2。我们的结果证明P . sp. jiangsuensis代表了对稻瘟病菌群的补充。这项研究增进了我们对P致病性的理解. sp. jiangsuensis对寄主的影响，这为病原体和寄主共同进化的适应性提供了新的视角。