Renal fibrosis (RF) is a pathological process of progression from chronic kidney disease to end-stage renal disease. Amygdalus mongolica is a traditional Chinese medicine, and our previous studies demonstrated that the n-butanol extract (BUT) and amygdalin extract (AMY) from its seeds can prevent RF. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study investigated the exact mechanism of the protective effect of A. mongolica on RF. A renal fibrosis rat model was induced with unilateral ureteral obstruction. Biochemical indicators were measured and combined with histopathology of renal tissue to evaluate the anti-RF effects. A serum metabonomic method was used to clarify the changes in the metabolic profile. The tubulointerstitial damage and fibrosis were significantly improved and metabolic perturbations were restored after treatment with BUT and AMY. Thirty-eight metabolites associated with RF progression and related to the regulation of arginine and proline metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, and histidine metabolism were identified. They were restored to levels similar to those in controls after treatment. Moreover, no significant differences in efficacy were observed between the BUT and AMY groups. This study reveals and compares the potential mechanisms of the renoprotective effects after treatment with BUT and AMY from a metabolomic perspective.

中文翻译：

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代谢组学揭示了蒙古扁桃正丁醇提取物和苦杏仁苷提取物对肾纤维化大鼠的肾脏保护作用。


肾纤维化（RF）是从慢性肾脏病进展至终末期肾病的病理过程。蒙古扁桃是一种传统中药，我们前期的研究表明，其种子中的正丁醇提取物（BUT）和苦杏仁甙提取物（AMY）可以预防射频（RF）。然而，其根本机制仍不清楚。本研究调查了蒙古沙棘对射频保护作用的确切机制。采用单侧输尿管梗阻诱导肾纤维化大鼠模型。测定生化指标并结合肾组织组织病理学评价抗RF效果。使用血清代谢组学方法来阐明代谢谱的变化。 BUT 和 AMY 治疗后，肾小管间质损伤和纤维化得到显着改善，代谢紊乱得到恢复。鉴定出 38 种与 RF 进展相关以及与精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢、烟酸和烟酰胺代谢以及组氨酸代谢调节相关的代谢物。治疗后它们恢复到与对照组相似的水平。此外，BUT 组和 AMY 组之间没有观察到疗效的显着差异。本研究从代谢组学角度揭示并比较了 BUT 和 AMY 治疗后肾脏保护作用的潜在机制。