Serine proteinase inhibitor B9 (serpin B9) is a member of the serine protease inhibitor superfamily, which is widely found in animals, plants and microorganisms. Serpin B9 has been reported to protect cells from the immune‑killing effect of granzyme B (GrB) released by lymphocytes. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have indicated that serpin B9 is involved in tumour apoptosis, immune evasion, tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis, drug resistance and even in maintaining the stemness of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Moreover, according to clinical studies, serpin B9 has been demonstrated to be significantly associated with the development of precancerous lesions, a poor prognosis and ineffective therapies, suggesting that serpin B9 may be a potential target for cancer treatment and an indicator of cancer diagnosis; thus, it has begun to attract increased attention from scholars. The present review concisely described the structure and biological functions of the serpin superfamily and serpin B9. In addition, related research on serpins in cancer is discussed in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of serpin B9 in cancer, as well as its clinical significance for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.

中文翻译：

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丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 B9 概述及其在癌症中的作用（综述）。

丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂B9（serpin B9）是丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂超家族的成员，广泛存在于动物、植物和微生物中。据报道，丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 B9 可保护细胞免受淋巴细胞释放的颗粒酶 B (GrB) 的免疫杀伤作用。近年来，越来越多的研究表明，serpin B9参与肿瘤细胞凋亡、免疫逃避、肿瘤发生、进展、转移、耐药甚至维持癌症干细胞（CSCs）的干性。此外，根据临床研究，已证明serpin B9与癌前病变的发生、预后不良和无效治疗显着相关，表明serpin B9可能是癌症治疗的潜在靶点和癌症诊断的指标；因此，它开始引起学者越来越多的关注。本综述简要描述了丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂超家族和丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 B9 的结构和生物学功能。此外，还讨论了serpins在癌症中的相关研究，以期全面了解serpin B9在癌症中的作用，及其对癌症诊断和预后的临床意义。