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On the sensitivity of food webs to multiple stressors
Ecology Letters ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-19 , DOI: 10.1111/ele.13841
David Beauchesne 1, 2 , Kevin Cazelles 3 , Philippe Archambault 1 , Laura E Dee 4 , Dominique Gravel 5
Affiliation  

Evaluating the effects of multiple stressors on ecosystems is becoming increasingly vital with global changes. The role of species interactions in propagating the effects of stressors, although widely acknowledged, has yet to be formally explored. Here, we conceptualise how stressors propagate through food webs and explore how they affect simulated three-species motifs and food webs of the Canadian St. Lawrence System. We find that overlooking species interactions invariably underestimate the effects of stressors, and that synergistic and antagonistic effects through food webs are prevalent. We also find that interaction type influences a species’ susceptibility to stressors; species in omnivory and tri-trophic food chain interactions in particular are sensitive and prone to synergistic and antagonistic effects. Finally, we find that apex predators were negatively affected and mesopredators benefited from the effects of stressors due to their trophic position in the St. Lawrence System, but that species sensitivity is dependent on food web structure. In conceptualising the effects of multiple stressors on food webs, we bring theory closer to practice and show that considering the intricacies of ecological communities is key to assess the net effects of stressors on species.

中文翻译:

关于食物网对多种压力源的敏感性

随着全球变化,评估多种压力因素对生态系统的影响变得越来越重要。物种相互作用在传播压力源的影响方面的作用虽然得到广泛承认,但尚未得到正式探讨。在这里,我们概念化压力源如何通过食物网传播,并探索它们如何影响加拿大圣劳伦斯系统的模拟三物种图案和食物网。我们发现忽视物种相互作用总是低估压力源的影响,并且通过食物网产生的协同和对抗效应很普遍。我们还发现互动类型会影响物种对压力源的易感性;杂食性和三营养性食物链相互作用中的物种尤其敏感,容易产生协同和拮抗作用。最后,我们发现顶级捕食者受到负面影响,中食肉动物因其在圣劳伦斯系统中的营养位置而受益于压力源的影响,但物种敏感性取决于食物网结构。在概念化多种压力源对食物网的影响时,我们使理论更接近实践,并表明考虑生态群落的复杂性是评估压力源对物种净影响的关键。
更新日期:2021-09-09
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