Frailty is a distinctive health state in which the ability of older people to cope with acute stressors is compromised by an increased vulnerability brought by age-associated declines in physiological reserve and function across multiple organ systems. Although closely associated with age, multimorbidity, and disability, frailty is a discrete syndrome that is associated with poorer outcomes across a range of medical conditions. However, its role in cerebrovascular disease and stroke has received limited attention. The estimated rise in the prevalence of frailty associated with changing demographics over the coming decades makes it an important issue for stroke practitioners, cerebrovascular research, clinical service provision, and stroke survivors alike. This review will consider the concept and models of frailty, how frailty is common in cerebrovascular disease, the impact of frailty on stroke risk factors, acute treatments, and rehabilitation, and considerations for future applications in both cerebrovascular clinical and research settings.  

虚弱是一种独特的健康状态，老年人应对急性压力源的能力受到与年龄相关的生理储备和多个器官系统功能下降带来的脆弱性增加的影响。尽管与年龄、多种疾病和残疾密切相关，但虚弱是一种离散综合征，与一系列疾病的较差结果相关。然而，其在脑血管疾病和中风中的作用受到的关注有限。在未来几十年中，与人口结构变化相关的衰弱患病率估计会上升，这使其成为中风从业者、脑血管研究、临床服务提供和中风幸存者等的重要问题。本次审查将考虑虚弱的概念和模型，衰弱在脑血管疾病中的常见程度，衰弱对中风危险因素、急性治疗和康复的影响，以及未来在脑血管临床和研究环境中应用的考虑。