The recent and projected upward trends in the frequency and intensity of climate-induced events in cities have enhanced the focus on adaptation. In addition to enhancing the capacity of cities to prepare for and absorb risks, adaptation measures provide multiple co-benefits. However, health co-benefits are among the least explored. These are now seen as increasingly important with the renewed focus on public health since the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reviews literature focused on the health co-benefits of urban climate change adaptation measures. Health co-benefits of seven different categories of adaptation measures are discussed. Results showed that existing evidence is mainly related to some categories such as critical infrastructure, nature-based solutions, and urban planning and design measures. Other adaptation categories like early warning systems; policy, management & governance, including local adaptation policies; and measures and strategies related to ‘knowledge, perceptions & behavior’ that mainly involve people's understanding and individual responses to climate change, are relatively underexplored. Moreover, it was discussed that some adaptation measures may result in health trade-offs and these needs to be further studied. Overall, through identifying health co-benefits, results of this review can make a strong case for further promotion of climate change adaptation in cities.

城市气候诱发事件的频率和强度最近和预测的上升趋势加强了对适应的关注。除了增强城市准备和吸收风险的能力外，适应措施还提供多种协同效益。然而，健康的共同利益是最少被探索的。自 COVID-19 大流行以来，随着对公共卫生的重新关注，这些现在被视为越来越重要。本研究回顾了侧重于城市气候变化适应措施的健康协同效益的文献。讨论了七种不同类别的适应措施的健康共同利益。结果表明，现有证据主要与关键基础设施、基于自然的解决方案以及城市规划和设计措施等某些类别有关。其他适应类别，如预警系统；政策、管理和治理，包括地方适应政策；与“知识、认知和行为”相关的措施和策略，主要涉及人们对气候变化的理解和个人反应，相对而言还没有得到充分探索。此外，还讨论了一些适应措施可能会导致健康权衡，这些需要进一步研究。总体而言，通过确定健康协同效益，本次审查的结果可以为进一步促进城市气候变化适应提供强有力的理由。对气候变化的理解和个人反应，相对未得到充分探索。此外，还讨论了一些适应措施可能会导致健康权衡，这些需要进一步研究。总体而言，通过确定健康协同效益，本次审查的结果可以为进一步促进城市气候变化适应提供强有力的理由。对气候变化的理解和个人反应，相对未得到充分探索。此外，还讨论了一些适应措施可能会导致健康权衡，这些需要进一步研究。总体而言，通过确定健康协同效益，本次审查的结果可以为进一步促进城市气候变化适应提供强有力的理由。