Antimicrobial resistance is a global health problem and one of the leading concerns in healthcare sector. Bacteriophages are antibacterial agents ubiquitous in nature. With increase in antibiotic resistance, use of bacteriophages as therapeutics has become resurgent in recent times. This review focuses on the recent developments in phage therapy and its applications with respect to human infections, animal, food and environment. Moreover, use of phage proteins, bioengineered bacteriophages, and phage derived vaccines is also highlighted. Additionally, the limitations and challenges with regard to implementation of phage therapy, host safety and immune responses are also reviewed in this article.

抗菌素耐药性是一个全球性的健康问题，也是医疗保健领域的主要问题之一。噬菌体是自然界中普遍存在的抗菌剂。随着抗生素耐药性的增加，噬菌体作为治疗剂的使用近来重新兴起。本综述重点关注噬菌体治疗的最新进展及其在人类感染、动物、食物和环境方面的应用。此外，还强调了噬菌体蛋白、生物工程噬菌体和噬菌体衍生疫苗的使用。此外，本文还回顾了在实施噬菌体治疗、宿主安全和免疫反应方面的局限性和挑战。