Heavy metal toxicity is a major threat to the aquatic environment as well as organisms. Therefore, the present study aims to assess the potential effect of Moringa oleifera flower in enhancing growth, as well as on antioxidant system in Oreochromis niloticus (Tilapia fish), challenged/non-challenged with a salt of heavy metal lead (Pb). 4.02ppm of Pb(NO₃)₂ (10% of 96 hr-LC₅₀) was used for challenge tests. Bioaccumulation studies have confirmed the accumulation of Pb in the fish liver. After 30 days of the experiment, growth parameters, haematological and biochemical parameters, and antioxidant activity in the fish were assessed. Groups fed with Moringa oleifera flower diets could withstand the physiological stress and ameliorated the depleted antioxidant enzyme activity in the liver. Histological studies were revealed that the test group supplemented with flower ingredients was protected well from heavy metal assault while the control group showed necrosis and damage to the liver. Expression of antioxidant genes was also upregulated in the flower diet supplemented group. A non-Pb exposed group which were under flower diet showed significant body growth compared to that of the control group. The results from the study revealed that the heavy metal toxicity could be alleviated in fish by Moringa oleifera flower supplementation in the diet.

中文翻译：

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日粮辣木对硝酸铅中毒尼罗罗非鱼血液生化和氧化应激的拮抗作用

重金属毒性是对水生环境和生物体的主要威胁。因此，本研究旨在评估辣木 花在促进尼罗罗非鱼 （罗非鱼）生长和抗氧化系统方面 的潜在作用，这些 鱼受到重金属铅 (Pb) 盐的攻击/未受到攻击。4.02ppm Pb(NO ₃ ) ₂（96 hr-LC _{50 的}10% ）用于挑战测试。生物积累研究证实了铅在鱼肝脏中的积累。实验 30 天后，评估了鱼的生长参数、血液学和生化参数以及抗氧化活性。用辣木喂养的组  花卉饮食可以承受生理压力并改善肝脏中耗尽的抗氧化酶活性。组织学研究显示，添加花卉成分的试验组对重金属的侵袭有很好的保护作用，而对照组则出现坏死和肝脏损伤。在花卉饮食补充组中，抗氧化基因的表达也上调。与对照组相比，采用花卉饮食的非铅暴露组显示出显着的身体生长。研究结果表明，在饮食中添加辣木花可以减轻鱼类的重金属毒性。