In Brazil, a large amount of liquid wastewater generated during orange juice production has a significant negative impact on the citric industries. The treatment of this wastewater has been carried out in biological treatment plants. However, low organic removal efficiency has been achieved while using anaerobic or/and aerobic processes probably due to biological inhibition by toxic compounds like limonene. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the limonene removal by a bench-scale horizontal-flow anaerobic immobilized biomass (HAIB) bioreactor (12L) and the transformation products formed during the applied treatment. The bioreactor was filled with three different matrices (mineral coal, polyurethane foam and gravel) containing immobilized anaerobic sludge. The used substrate contained chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 480 to 1251 mg L⁻¹ and the concentrations of limonene ranging from 10 (period I) to 500 mg L⁻¹ (period X) were monitored by GC–MS. The HAIB bioreactor removed organic matter (>60%), and limonene was removed with high efficiency (>95%), while operated at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 48 and 24 h.

在巴西，橙汁生产过程中产生的大量液态废水对柠檬酸产业产生了重大的负面影响。这种废水的处理是在生物处理厂进行的。然而，在使用厌氧或/和好氧过程时，有机物去除效率很低，这可能是由于柠檬烯等有毒化合物的生物抑制作用。在这种情况下，本研究的目的是评估实验室规模水平流厌氧固定生物质 (HAIB) 生物反应器 (12L) 的柠檬烯去除率和应用处理过程中形成的转化产物。生物反应器装有三种不同的基质（矿煤、聚氨酯泡沫和砾石），其中含有固定化的厌氧污泥。^-1和柠檬烯的浓度范围从 10（周期 I）到 500 mg L ^-1（周期 X）通过 GC-MS 进行监测。HAIB 生物反应器去除有机物 (>60%)，柠檬烯被高效去除 (>95%)，同时以 48 和 24 小时的水力停留时间 (HRT) 运行。