Abstract

Cotton dyeing and printing requires a number of preparatory processes involved the use of various chemicals and eventually creates massive pollution load on effluent which disposed in the environment directly or partially treated consequently increases the health hazard. In this work cotton knitted fabric was scoured and bleached by naturally occurring clay ‘Bentonite’ as an alternative of auxiliaries. The wetting power, detergency, sequestering power and stabilizing action of bentonite clay was tested thoroughly. The scouring and bleaching efficiency and dyeability with a bi-functional reactive dye were evaluated on differently pretreated samples. The residual pretreated liquors were analyzed for ecological parameters including pH, Total dissolved solids, chemical oxygen demand, and biological oxygen demand (BOD₅). In comparison with conventional auxiliaries, bentonite clay showed acceptable results. The scouring and bleaching performances of all pretreated fabrics was satisfactory. All samples were evenly dyed and there was no noticeable color difference. It also observed that bentonite clay treated liquors create less pollution when compared to the conventional treated liquors. Finally, cost of bentonite process was calculated and compared with conventional.

摘要

棉花染色和印花需要许多准备过程，涉及使用各种化学品，最终会对直接或部分处理后排放到环境中的废水产生巨大的污染负荷，从而增加健康危害。在这项工作中，棉针织物用天然粘土“膨润土”作为助剂的替代品进行擦洗和漂白。对膨润土的润湿力、去污力、螯合力和稳定作用进行了彻底的测试。在不同预处理的样品上评估了双功能活性染料的煮练和漂白效率和染色性。分析了残留的预处理液的生态参数，包括 pH 值、总溶解固体、化学需氧量和生物需氧量（BOD ₅）。与传统助剂相比，膨润土显示出可接受的结果。所有预处理织物的煮练和漂白性能均令人满意。所有样品均染色均匀，无明显色差。它还观察到膨润土处理过的液体与传统处理过的液体相比产生的污染更少。最后，计算了膨润土工艺的成本并与传统工艺进行了比较。