The mineral and rare earth element distributions of Tunçbilek coal, Turkey were studied and their potential to be a source for REY was investigated. The studied samples were taken from the BYJ, BYL, 48P open-pit mine panels and Ömerler and İğdekuzu underground mines. In order to observe the mineral and REE element distributions along the coal seam profile, samples were taken by using channel sampling method from the BYJ, BYL and 48P open-pit mine panels. On the other hand, representative samples which represent the whole coal seam including partings and clayey layers were taken from the same open-pit mine panels, İğdekuzu and Ömerler undergroud mines to investigate the REE distributions in the coalfield. The proximate, ICP-OES, XRF, SEM and XRD analyses were performed on the samples. Quartz, kaolinite and dolomite are the most abundant minerals in the samples. Smectite, mica, illite, pyrite and siderite are the second common minerals. In a few samples, alkali feldspar, chlorite, gypsum, jarosite, magnetite, feldspar, vermiculite and zeolite minerals are identified. In addition, monazite, florencite, baryte and thorite were detected in minor amounts using SEM analyses. The most abundant major oxides are SiO₂, Al₂O₃, MgO, Fe₂O₃, CaO and SO₃ respectively. The K₂O, MnO, Na₂O, P₂O₅ and TiO₂ major oxides are occur in lesser amounts. Kaolinite and quartz minerals might be the main sources of Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ in the samples. The MgO, CaO, Fe₂O₃ and SO₃ major oxides can be derived from mainly dolomite, siderite, feldspar, smectite, montmorillonite, serpentine and pyrite. The P₂O₅ and TiO₂ are derived from the apatite, monazite, florencite, clay and mica minerals. The La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Ho, Tm and Lu elements in the samples have higher concentrations than the World brown coal averages. The total REY and LREY concentrations show similar distributions and reach high values at the south of the coal basin. However, the HREY and MREY concentrations are high at the Ömerler underground mine. The coal layers show HREY enrichment whereas the clayey coal and clayey layers indicate LREY type enrichment. The Ce, Eu, La, Nd and Sm elements are associated with the clay and phosphate minerals. Moreover, the Dy, Er, Gd, Ho, Lu, Pr, Tb, Tm and Yb are related to the pyrite, siderite and dolomite. The REY concentration in the Tunçbilek Basin is probably related to the terrigenous, tuffaceous and hydrothermal types of accumulations. The total REY concentration of the samples is below the cut-off grade (1000 μg/g) although the concentration coefficients of the Tunçbilek coal samples indicate slight enrichment. Based on the relation between cut-off grade and C_outl values, the Tunçbilek coal cannot be a potential source of REY.

研究了土耳其 Tunçbilek 煤的矿物和稀土元素分布，并研究了它们作为 REY 来源的潜力。所研究的样品取自 BYJ、BYL、48P 露天矿板以及 Ömerler 和 İğdekuzu 地下矿。为观察沿煤层剖面的矿物和稀土元素分布，采用通道取样法从 BYJ、BYL 和 48P 露天矿板取样。另一方面，代表整个煤层（包括分离层和粘土层）的代表性样品取自相同的露天矿板、İğdekuzu 和 Ömerler 地下矿，以研究煤田中的稀土元素分布。对样品进行了近似、ICP-OES、XRF、SEM 和 XRD 分析。石英，高岭石和白云石是样品中含量最丰富的矿物。绿土、云母、伊利石、黄铁矿和菱铁矿是第二常见的矿物。在少数样品中，鉴定出碱性长石、绿泥石、石膏、黄钾铁矾、磁铁矿、长石、蛭石和沸石矿物。此外，使用 SEM 分析检测到少量独居石、萤石、重晶石和钍石。最丰富的主要氧化物是SiO₂、分别为Al ₂ O ₃、MgO、Fe ₂ O ₃、CaO和SO ₃。K ₂ O、MnO、Na ₂ O、P ₂ O ₅和TiO ₂主要氧化物的含量较少。高岭石和石英矿物可能是样品中Al ₂ O ₃和SiO ₂的主要来源。MgO、CaO、Fe ₂ O ₃和SO ₃主要氧化物可主要来自白云石、菱铁矿、长石、蒙脱石、蒙脱石、蛇纹石和黄铁矿。P ₂ O ₅和TiO ₂来自磷灰石、独居石、萤石、粘土和云母矿物。样品中的 La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Ho、Tm 和 Lu 元素的浓度高于世界褐煤平均值。总 REY 和 LREY 浓度显示出相似的分布，并在煤盆地南部达到高值。然而，Ömerler 地下矿的 HREY 和 MREY 浓度很高。煤层显示 HREY 型富集，而粘土煤和粘土层显示 LREY 型富集。Ce、Eu、La、Nd 和 Sm 元素与粘土和磷酸盐矿物有关。此外，Dy、Er、Gd、Ho、Lu、Pr、Tb、Tm 和 Yb 与黄铁矿、菱铁矿和白云石有关。Tunçbilek 盆地的 REY 浓度可能与陆源、凝灰质和热液类型的堆积物有关。尽管 Tunçbilek 煤样品的浓度系数表明有轻微的富集，但样品的总 REY 浓度低于边界品位 (1000 μg/g)。基于分界等级与C的关系_除了价值之外，Tunçbilek 煤炭不能成为 REY 的潜在来源。