Elevated resting heart rate (RHR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) are independent risk factors for all-cause mortality in hypertensive patients. However, the association of the visit‐to‐visit variation (VVV) in SBP and RHR with the risk of mortality in hypertensive patients remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the VVVs in SBP and RHR on the risk of all-cause mortality. We enrolled 16,602 hypertensive patients from the Kailuan cohort study who underwent three health examinations from 2006 to 2010. The VVVs in SBP and RHR were defined by the coefficient of variation, standard deviation, variability independent of the mean, and average real variability. High variability was defined as the highest quartile of variability. Participants were classified numerically according to the number of high-variability parameters (e.g., a score of 2 indicated high variability in two parameters). Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios for mortality. High VVVs in SBP and RHR were associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in hypertensive patients. In the multivariable-adjusted model comparing a score of 0 with a score of 2, the hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) for all-cause mortality were 1.38 (1.11–1.69), 1.52 (1.24–1.87), 1.32 (1.07–1.63), and 1.43 (1.16–1.75) using the coefficient of variation, standard deviation, variability independent of the mean, and average real variability, respectively. High VVVs in SBP and RHR constituted an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality in hypertensive patients. High VVVs in SBP and RHR additively increased the risk of all-cause mortality in hypertensive patients.

静息心率（RHR）和收缩压（SBP）升高是高血压患者全因死亡的独立危险因素。然而，SBP 和 RHR 的就诊间变异性 (VVV) 与高血压患者死亡风险的关联仍然未知。本研究的目的是调查 VVV 在 SBP 和 RHR 中对全因死亡风险的影响。我们从 2006 年到 2010 年从开滦队列研究中招募了 16,602 名高血压患者，他们接受了 3 次健康检查。SBP 和 RHR 的 VVV 由变异系数、标准差、独立于平均值的变异性和平均实际变异性定义。高变异性被定义为变异性的最高四分位数。参与者根据高变异性参数的数量进行数字分类（例如，2 分表示两个参数的高变异性）。Cox 比例风险模型用于估计死亡率的风险比。SBP 和 RHR 中的高 VVV 与高血压患者全因死亡率的风险增加相关。在比较得分为 0 和得分为 2 的多变量调整模型中，全因死亡率的风险比（95% 置信区间 (CI)）分别为 1.38 (1.11–1.69)、1.52 (1.24–1.87)、1.32 (1.07–1.63) 和 1.43 (1.16–1.75) 分别使用变异系数、标准差、独立于平均值的变异性和平均实际变异性。SBP 和 RHR 中的高 VVV 是高血压患者全因死亡率的独立危险因素。