Introduction: The link between gaming disorder (GD) and substance use amongst adolescents is not clear. Some studies reported positive associations, whereas others suggested that alcohol and illicit drug use are not related to GD severity. Objectives: The present study aimed to identify empirically based latent classes of alcohol and illicit drug use amongst adolescents and explore their associations with GD symptom severity and whether endorsement of specific criteria of GD is linked to the membership of latent classes of alcohol and illicit drug use. Methods: Data of the national sample of Hungarian adolescents from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey (N = 2,768; females: 52.08%; mean age: 16.73 years) were analysed. Measures for frequency of alcohol and illicit drug use, gaming, GD symptom severity, and life satisfaction were included in the analyses. Results: Latent class analysis discriminated 4 subgroups of alcohol and illicit drug use: polysubstance users, high-risk alcohol users, moderate alcohol users, and infrequent substance users. Polysubstance users presented significantly higher levels of GD symptom severity and higher odds for endorsement of criteria of “giving up other activities” and “negative consequences.” Conclusions: Positive associations were shown between higher GD severity and the polysubstance using class. The roles of criteria of “giving up other activities” and “negative consequences” were highlighted in more severe substance use patterns. However, GD severity and criteria did not differ as a function of the level of alcohol use. These findings may imply common roots of GD and illicit drug use in adolescents.
Eur Addict Res

中文翻译：

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多物质使用与游戏障碍症状严重程度呈正相关：一项潜在类别分析研究

简介：游戏障碍 (GD) 与青少年物质使用之间的联系尚不清楚。一些研究报告了积极的关联，而其他研究则表明酒精和非法药物使用与 GD 严重程度无关。目的：本研究旨在确定青少年中基于经验的酒精和非法药物使用的潜在类别，并探讨它们与 GD 症状严重程度的关联，以及对 GD 特定标准的认可是否与潜在的酒精和非法药物使用类别的成员有关。 . 方法：匈牙利学龄儿童健康行为调查全国青少年样本数据（ N= 2,768; 女性：52.08%；平均年龄：16.73 岁）进行了分析。分析中包括酒精和非法药物使用频率、游戏、GD 症状严重程度和生活满意度的测量。结果：潜在类别分析区分了酒精和非法药物使用的 4 个亚组：多种物质使用者、高风险酒精使用者、中度酒精使用者和不经常使用药物的人。多物质使用者表现出明显更高水平的 GD 症状严重程度和更高的支持“放弃其他活动”和“负面后果”标准的几率。结论：较高的 GD 严重程度与使用类别的多物质之间显示出正相关。“放弃其他活动”和“负面后果”标准的作用在更严重的物质使用模式中得到强调。然而，GD 的严重程度和标准并没有随着酒精使用水平的变化而不同。这些发现可能暗示青少年 GD 和非法药物使用的共同根源。
欧洲瘾君子水库