ABSTRACT

This article analyzes the trends of the macroeconomic indicators of regular, self-employed, and non-regular workers in postwar Japan from a retrospective approach. Our findings show that the base monthly wage of Japanese workers is about 2.29 thousand dollars in addition to the bonus paid twice per year. The 40–54-year-old age group contributes the most to the labor market because of both maturity and accumulated experiences. Its labor force participation rate represents a mean value and the average value of 82.5% and 81.62, respectively. The American employees earn higher annual revenues than their German and Japanese counterparts. The median values of annual earnings in purchasing power parity constant US dollars represented 46,568.5 USD in Germany, 37,673 USD in Japan, and 59,963 USD in the USA. The employees worked an average of 152.6 h per month in the USA, 151.72 h in Japan, and 122.2 h in Germany. The diligence and strong relationship between managers and workers explain the success of Japanese firms. Also, the tradition of respect, education, and loyalty to both the firm and family help Japanese to succeed in their career. Japanese firms maintain the dualistic practice between men and women in terms of employment and wages.

摘要

本文从回顾性的角度分析了战后日本正规劳动者、个体劳动者和非正规劳动者的宏观经济指标趋势。我们的调查结果显示，除了每年支付两次的奖金外，日本工人的基本月工资约为 2.29 万美元。由于成熟度和经验积累，40-54 岁年龄组对劳动力市场的贡献最大。其劳动力参与率的平均值分别为 82.5% 和 81.62。美国员工的年收入高于德国和日本同行。以购买力平价不变美元计算的年收入中值在德国为 46,568.5 美元，在日本为 37,673 美元，在美国为 59,963 美元。员工平均工作 152 人。美国每月 6 小时，日本 151.72 小时，德国 122.2 小时。管理者和工人之间的勤奋和牢固的关系解释了日本公司的成功。此外，尊重、教育和忠诚于公司和家庭的传统有助于日本人在事业上取得成功。日本公司在就业和工资方面保持男女之间的二元做法。