Forests and trees provide a range of goods and services vital for human well-being, particularly for people who live below the poverty line. Yet a number of important knowledge gaps remain regarding the relationship between forests, trees, and poverty dynamics. Here, we highlight five research priorities that require urgent attention if policy makers and practitioners are to realize the potential for forests and tree-based systems to contribute to poverty alleviation. These are: examining forest-poverty dynamics, especially over the medium- to long-term; assessing the relative effectiveness of different forest-related policy and management interventions for poverty alleviation; identifying the key barriers to more equitable, just, and sustainable use of forests and trees, and ways to overcome them; expanding the evidence base to cover under-represented geographies and contexts; and bringing to light the ‘hidden dimensions’ of forest contributions to poverty alleviation.

森林和树木提供了一系列对人类福祉至关重要的商品和服务，特别是对生活在贫困线以下的人们。然而，在森林、树木和贫困动态之间的关系方面，仍然存在许多重要的知识差距。在这里，如果政策制定者和从业者要意识到森林和基于树木的系统为减轻贫困做出贡献的潜力，我们强调五个需要紧急关注的研究重点。它们是： 检查森林贫困动态，尤其是中长期的；评估不同森林相关政策和管理干预措施对扶贫的相对有效性；确定更公平、公正和可持续利用森林和树木的主要障碍以及克服这些障碍的方法；扩大证据基础以涵盖代表性不足的地区和背景；并揭示森林对减贫贡献的“隐藏维度”。