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Assays for hyaluronidases and heparanase using nonreducing end fluorophore-labeled hyaluronan and heparan sulfate proteoglycan
Glycobiology ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-17 , DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwab061
Zhengliang L Wu 1 , James M Ertelt 1
Affiliation  

Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), such as hyaluronan (HA) and heparan sulfate (HS), are a large group of polysaccharides found in the extracellular matrix and on the cell surface. The turnover of these molecules is controlled by de novo synthesis and catabolism through specific endoglycosidases, which are the keys to our understanding of the homeostasis of GAGs and could hold opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Herein, we describe assays for endoglycosidases using nonreducing end fluorophore-labeled GAGs, in which GAGs were labeled via incorporation of GlcNAz by specific synthases and cycloaddition of alkyne fluorophores and then digested with corresponding endoglycosidases. Assays of various HA-specific hyaluronidases (HYALs), including PH-20 or SPAM1, and HS-specific heparanase (HPSE) are presented. We demonstrated the distinctive pH profiles, substrate specificities and specific activities of these enzymes and provided evidence that both HYAL3 and HYAL4 are authentic hyaluronidases. In addition, while all HYALs are active on high-molecular-weight HA, they are active on low-molecular-weight HA. Subsequently, we defined a new way of measuring the activities of HYALs. Our results indicate that the activities of HYALs must be under strict pH regulation. Our quantitative methods of measuring the activity GAG endoglycosidases could bring the opportunity of designing novel therapeutics by targeting these important enzymes.


中文翻译:

使用非还原末端荧光团标记的透明质酸和硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖测定透明质酸酶和乙酰肝素酶

摘要
糖胺聚糖 (GAG),例如透明质酸 (HA) 和硫酸乙酰肝素 (HS),是在细胞外基质和细胞表面发现的一大类多糖。这些分子的周转由从头合成和通过特定内切糖苷酶的分解代谢控制,这是我们了解 GAG 稳态的关键,并可能为治疗干预提供机会。在这里,我们描述了使用非还原端荧光团标记的 GAG 对内切糖苷酶的测定,其中 GAG 通过特定合酶和炔基荧光团的环加成结合 GlcNAz 被标记,然后用相应的内切糖苷酶消化。介绍了各种 HA 特异性透明质酸酶 (HYAL) 的检测方法,包括 PH-20 或 SPAM1,以及 HS 特异性乙酰肝素酶 (HPSE)。我们展示了独特的 pH 曲线,这些酶的底物特异性和比活性,并提供证据证明 HYAL3 和 HYAL4 都是真正的透明质酸酶。此外,虽然所有 HYAL 都对高分子量 HA 有活性,但它们对低分子量 HA 也有活性。随后,我们定义了一种衡量 HYAL 活动的新方法。我们的结果表明,HYAL 的活性必须受到严格的 pH 调节。我们测量 GAG 内切糖苷酶活性的定量方法可以通过靶向这些重要的酶来带来设计新疗法的机会。我们定义了一种衡量 HYAL 活动的新方法。我们的结果表明,HYAL 的活性必须受到严格的 pH 调节。我们测量 GAG 内切糖苷酶活性的定量方法可以通过靶向这些重要的酶来带来设计新疗法的机会。我们定义了一种衡量 HYAL 活动的新方法。我们的结果表明,HYAL 的活性必须受到严格的 pH 调节。我们测量 GAG 内切糖苷酶活性的定量方法可以通过靶向这些重要的酶来带来设计新疗法的机会。
更新日期:2021-07-17
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