Sulfur is an essential component of various biologically important molecules, including methionine, cysteine and glutathione, and it is also involved in coping with oxidative and heavy metal stress. Studies using model organisms, including budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe), have contributed not only to understanding various cellular processes but also to understanding the utilization and response mechanisms of each nutrient, including sulfur. Although fission yeast can use sulfate as a sulfur source, its sulfur metabolism pathway is slightly different from that of budding yeast because it does not have a trans-sulfuration pathway. In recent years, it has been found that sulfur starvation causes various cellular responses in S. pombe, including sporulation, cell cycle arrest at G₂, chronological lifespan extension, autophagy induction and reduced translation. This MiniReview identifies two sulfate transporters in S. pombe, Sul1 (encoded by SPBC3H7.02) and Sul2 (encoded by SPAC869.05c), and summarizes the metabolic pathways of sulfur assimilation and cellular response to sulfur starvation. Understanding these responses, including metabolism and adaptation, will contribute to a better understanding of the various stress and nutrient starvation responses and chronological lifespan regulation caused by sulfur starvation.

中文翻译：

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粟酒裂殖酵母对硫的反应

硫是包括蛋氨酸、半胱氨酸和谷胱甘肽在内的各种重要生物分子的重要组成部分，它还参与应对氧化和重金属应激。使用模式生物的研究，包括萌芽酵母（酿酒酵母）和裂殖酵母（粟酒裂殖酵母），不仅有助于了解各种细胞过程，而且有助于了解每种营养物质（包括硫）的利用和反应机制。裂殖酵母虽然可以使用硫酸盐作为硫源，但它的硫代谢途径与芽殖酵母略有不同，因为它没有转硫途径。近年来，人们发现硫饥饿会导致各种细胞反应。S. pombe，包括孢子形成、细胞周期停滞在 G ₂、按时间顺序延长寿命、自噬诱导和减少翻译。本 MiniReview 鉴定了粟酒中的两种硫酸盐转运蛋白Sul1（由 SPBC3H7.02 编码）和 Sul2（由 SPAC869.05c 编码），并总结了硫同化和细胞对硫饥饿反应的代谢途径。了解这些反应，包括新陈代谢和适应，将有助于更好地了解硫饥饿引起的各种压力和营养饥饿反应以及按时间顺序排列的寿命调节。