This article presents an explicit topology optimization approach using boundary element method based moving morphable void (MMV). Structural analysis in the conventional MMV approach is performed on a fixed mesh over the entire design domain. However, in the proposed method structural boundaries are described using B-splines and discretized with boundary elements making explicit representation of the boundaries possible. In this regard, the proposed approach has following merits: a) the use of weak material, which is often adopted to mimic voids can be completely avoided; b) exact and explicit description of voids in MMV allows the capture of tiny structural features in a robust and effective way; c) numerical instabilities stemming from the use of fixed meshes can be naturally avoided. Several numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

中文翻译：

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使用基于边界元法的移动可变形空洞方法进行显式结构拓扑优化

本文提出了一种显式拓扑优化方法，该方法使用基于移动可变形空隙 (MMV) 的边界元方法。传统 MMV 方法中的结构分析是在整个设计域的固定网格上执行的。然而，在所提出的方法中，结构边界使用 B 样条进行描述，并使用边界元素进行离散化，从而使边界的显式表示成为可能。在这方面，所提出的方法具有以下优点： a) 可以完全避免使用通常用于模拟空隙的弱材料；b) MMV 中空隙的准确和明确描述允许以稳健有效的方式捕获微小的结构特征；c) 可以自然避免因使用固定网格而引起的数值不稳定性。