Recent historiography has explored a contradiction at the heart of the British welfare state—it was founded on and supported by migrant and non-white labour, whose own healthcare and broader welfare state entitlements were neglected. This article explores how this contradiction was exposed and challenged by some of the health service’s own workforce, who witnessed and contested racism in the National Health Service (NHS). This is discussed through the lens of the treatment of sickle cell anaemia (SCA), a genetic trait and disease more common in people of African, South Asian, Middle Eastern and Mediterranean descent, which has been highly racialized as affecting black people in particular. By pushing for improved responses to pain in sickle cell disease, and demonstrating the need for SCA screening in urban areas, healthcare professionals within the NHS—many of whom were black or migrant nurses, health visitors or doctors—articulated the status and entitlements of Black British citizenship.

中文翻译：

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“影响英国人民的英国问题”：1975-1993 年，镰状细胞性贫血、医疗活动和国家卫生服务中的种族

最近的史学探讨了英国福利国家的核心矛盾——它建立在移民和非白人劳工的基础上并得到其支持，他们自己的医疗保健和更广泛的福利国家权利被忽视了。本文探讨了这一矛盾是如何被一些卫生服务自己的员工揭露和挑战的，他们目睹并质疑了国家卫生服务 (NHS) 中的种族主义。这是通过治疗镰状细胞性贫血 (SCA) 来讨论的，这是一种遗传特征和疾病，在非洲、南亚、中东和地中海血统的人群中更为常见，由于特别影响黑人而被高度种族化。通过推动改善对镰状细胞病疼痛的反应，并证明在城市地区进行 SCA 筛查的必要性，