The 50th anniversary of Enoch Powell’s ‘Rivers of Blood’ speech brought back into public debate one of the most controversial figures in modern British political history. Powell remains indelibly linked to the stances he took on race and immigration in the 1960s and 1970s, but in recent years there has been a widening of the lens through which his politics and public arguments are viewed. This article contributes to this reappraisal, arguing that central aspects of his thinking were shaped by his highly distinctive reflections on sovereignty, representation, and the nation state in the early 1950s. It demonstrates that Powell’s positions on both the internal configuration of the nation state and its external relations were intertwined, and were applied by him on a fairly consistent basis throughout his career, informing the stances he took on the contentious issues of Europe and Ulster in the 1970s, as well as immigration. Our account of his thinking challenges both the tendency of his interpreters to treat his views on international relations and the internal politics of the United Kingdom as thematically distinct, and the accusation of political opportunism that has been a central motif in commentary on his political career.

中文翻译：

---

“英格兰帝国”：以诺·鲍威尔、主权和国家宪法

以诺·鲍威尔 (Enoch Powell) 发表“鲜血之河”演讲 50 周年之际，这位英国现代政治史上最具争议的人物之一又回到了公开辩论中。鲍威尔与他在 1960 年代和 1970 年代在种族和移民问题上的立场有着不可磨灭的联系，但近年来，人们看待他的政治和公共论点的视角不断扩大。这篇文章对这种重新评估做出了贡献，认为他思想的核心方面是由他在 1950 年代初期对主权、代表权和民族国家的高度独特的反思所塑造的。这表明鲍威尔在民族国家内部结构和对外关系上的立场是相互交织的，并且在他的整个职业生涯中都以相当一致的方式应用，告知他在 1970 年代欧洲和阿尔斯特的有争议问题以及移民问题上的立场。我们对他的思想的描述既挑战了他的解释者将他对国际关系和英国内部政治的观点视为主题不同的倾向，也挑战了对政治机会主义的指责，这一直是他政治生涯评论的中心主题。