A turbine is the essential component of aircraft engines. The empirical models of turbine performance, including the characteristics of isentropic efficiency and mass flow rate, are important for the control- and diagnostics-oriented dynamic simulation of aircraft engines. They are also useful for the energy analysis and performance simulation of aircraft engines. A number of empirical models of turbine isentropic efficiency and mass flow rate are available. Most of them, however, are for turbocharger, automotive and marine engine turbines, and air-cycle refrigeration turbines used in aircraft environmental control systems, and those for aircraft engine turbines are scarce. This paper presents a comprehensive review on empirical models of turbine isentropic efficiency and mass flow rate, and their applicability to aircraft engine turbines is evaluated against the turbine performance maps of five different aircraft engine turbines. It is found that the accuracy of the models varies with turbines. The results show that it is very likely feasible to use empirical models developed for other types of turbines for the energy analysis, performance simulation, and control- and diagnostics-oriented dynamic simulation of an aircraft engine turbine if proper models are chosen, and that it remains a research topic to develop a more accurate empirical model for turbine performance of aircraft engines.

涡轮是飞机发动机的重要组成部分。涡轮机性能的经验模型，包括等熵效率和质量流量的特征，对于面向控制和诊断的飞机发动机动态仿真非常重要。它们也可用于飞机发动机的能量分析和性能模拟。许多涡轮机等熵效率和质量流量的经验模型是可用的。然而，它们大多用于涡轮增压器、汽车和船用发动机涡轮机以及用于飞机环境控制系统的空气循环制冷涡轮机，而用于飞机发动机涡轮机的则很少。本文全面回顾了涡轮机等熵效率和质量流量的经验模型，并根据五种不同飞机发动机涡轮的涡轮性能图评估它们对飞机发动机涡轮的适用性。发现模型的准确性随涡轮机而变化。结果表明，如果选择合适的模型，很可能使用为其他类型涡轮开发的经验模型对飞机发动机涡轮进行能量分析、性能模拟以及面向控制和诊断的动态模拟，并且为飞机发动机的涡轮性能开发更准确的经验模型仍然是一个研究课题。