BACKGROUND The epidemiology, and outcome of infective endocarditis (IE) among solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients is unknown. METHODS We used data from the 2013-2018 Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD). IE- and SOT-associated hospitalizations were identified using diagnosis and procedure codes. Outcomes included inpatient mortality, length of stay, and inpatient costs. Adjusted analyses were performed using weighted regression models. RESULTS A total of 99,052 IE-associated hospitalizations, corresponding to a weighted national estimate of 193,164, were included for analysis. Of these, 794 (weighted n = 1,574) were associated with transplant history (SOT-IE). Mortality was not significantly different between SOT-IE and non-SOT-IE (17.2% vs. 15.8%, adjusted relative risk [aRR]: 0.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.71, 1.03]), and fewer SOT-IE patients underwent valve repair or replacement than non-SOT-IE (12.5% vs. 16.2%, aRR 0.82, 95% CI [0.71, 0.95]). We then compared outcomes of patients diagnosed with IE during their index transplant hospitalization (index-SOT-IE) to patients without IE during their transplant hospitalization (index-SOT). Index-SOT-IE occurred most frequently among heart transplant recipients (45.1%), and was associated with greater mortality (27.1% vs. 2.3%, aRR 6.07, 95% CI [3.32, 11.11]). CONCLUSION Dual diagnosis of SOT and IE was associated with worse outcomes among SOT recipients during index hospitalization, but not overall among patients with IE.

中文翻译：

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感染性心内膜炎和实体器官移植：移植初期住院期间的结果只会更差。


背景实体器官移植（SOT）受者中感染性心内膜炎（IE）的流行病学和结果尚不清楚。方法 我们使用 2013-2018 年全国再入院数据库 (NRD) 的数据。使用诊断和程序代码识别 IE 和 SOT 相关的住院治疗。结果包括住院患者死亡率、住院时间和住院费用。使用加权回归模型进行调整分析。结果 共有 99,052 例 IE 相关住院病例（相当于全国加权估计人数 193,164 例）被纳入分析。其中，794 例（加权 n = 1,574）与移植史相关 (SOT-IE)。 SOT-IE 和非 SOT-IE 之间的死亡率没有显着差异（17.2% vs. 15.8%，调整后相对风险 [aRR]：0.86，95% 置信区间 [CI] [0.71, 1.03]），并且 SOT-IE 较少IE 患者比非 SOT-IE 患者接受瓣膜修复或置换（12.5% vs. 16.2%，aRR 0.82，95% CI [0.71, 0.95]）。然后，我们比较了在指数移植住院期间诊断为 IE 的患者 (index-SOT-IE) 与在移植住院期间未诊断 IE 的患者 (index-SOT) 的结果。 Index-SOT-IE 在心脏移植受者中最常见 (45.1%)，并且与较高的死亡率相关（27.1% vs. 2.3%，aRR 6.07，95% CI [3.32, 11.11]）。结论 SOT 和 IE 的双重诊断与 SOT 接受者在初次住院期间的较差结局相关，但与 IE 患者总体情况无关。