Background

There is a strong comorbidity between mood disorders and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Increased levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and nitro-oxidative stress toxicity (NOSTOX) partially underpin this comorbidity.

Aims

To examine the associations of RONS/NOSTOX biomarkers with MetS after adjusting for the significant effects of mood disorders (major depression, and bipolar type 1 and 2), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), tobacco use disorder (TUD), and male sex.

Methods

The study included subjects with (n=65) and without (n=107) MetS and measured levels of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), nitric oxide metabolites (NOx), malondialdehyde (MDA), and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and computed z unit-weighted composite scores which reflect RONS/NOSTOX. The study included 105 patients with mood disorders, 46 with GAD, and 95 with TUD.

Results

MetS was associated with increased levels of MDA and AOPP, independently from mood disorders, TUD, sex and GAD. Atherogenicity and insulin resistance (IR) were significantly associated with a NOSTOX composite score. Mood disorders, TUD, GAD, male sex and MetS independently contribute to increased RONS/NOSTOX. The RONS/NOSTOX profile of MetS was different from that of GAD, which showed increased SOD1 and NOx levels. TUD was accompanied by increased SOD1, LOOH and MDA, and male sex by increased LOOH and AOPP.

Conclusions

MetS is characterized by increased lipid peroxidation with aldehyde formation and chlorinative stress, and atherogenicity and IR are strongly mediated by RONS/NOSTOX. Partially shared RONS/NOSTOX pathways underpin the comorbidity of MetS with mood disorders, GAD, and TUD.

中文翻译：

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情感障碍患者与代谢综合征、致动脉粥样硬化和胰岛素抵抗相关的硝基氧化毒性增加

背景

情绪障碍和代谢综合征 (MetS) 之间存在很强的共病。活性氧和氮物质 (RONS) 和硝基氧化应激毒性 (NOSTOX) 水平的增加部分支持了这种合并症。

宗旨

在调整情绪障碍（重度抑郁、双相 1 型和 2 型）、广泛性焦虑症 (GAD)、烟草使用障碍 (TUD) 和男性的显着影响后，检查 RONS/NOSTOX 生物标志物与 MetS 的关联。

方法

该研究包括有 (n=65) 和没有 (n=107) MetS 和超氧化物歧化酶 1 (SOD1)、脂质氢过氧化物 (LOOH)、一氧化氮代谢物 (NOx)、丙二醛 (MDA) 和高级氧化的测量水平的受试者蛋白质产品 (AOPP) 和计算的 z 单位加权综合分数，反映 RONS/NOSTOX。该研究包括 105 名情绪障碍患者、46 名 GAD 患者和 95 名 TUD 患者。

结果

MetS 与 MDA 和 AOPP 水平升高相关，独立于情绪障碍、TUD、性别和 GAD。致动脉粥样硬化和胰岛素抵抗 (IR) 与 NOSTOX 综合评分显着相关。心境障碍，TUD，GAD，男性和代谢综合征独立有助于增加RONS / NOSTOX。MetS 的 RONS/NOSTOX 曲线与 GAD 不同，后者显示 SOD1 和 NOx 水平增加。TUD伴随着增加SOD1，LOOH和MDA，并通过增加LOOH和AOPP男性。

结论

MetS 的特点是脂质过氧化增加，醛形成和氯化应激，动脉粥样硬化和 IR 由 RONS/NOSTOX 强烈介导。部分共享的 RONS/NOSTOX 通路支持 MetS 与情绪障碍、GAD 和 TUD 的合并症。