INTRODUCTION Adolescent depression is a significant mental health concern. Emotion regulation difficulties have been associated with subsequent depressive symptoms, though different facets of emotion regulation are rarely compared. This study examined the degree to which trajectories of change in different facets of emotion regulation (goal-directed behavior, impulse control, and regulation strategies) and depressive symptoms were associated across twelve months in a clinical adolescent sample. METHODS Participants included 110 adolescents from the US who were enrolled in a randomized trial that tested a cognitive-behavioral treatment for youth with co-occurring mental health and substance use concerns (Mage = 15.71 years; 57.3% male). Assessments were conducted at baseline, 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. Three separate bivariate latent basis growth curve analyses were conducted. Correlations between latent intercepts and latent slopes, as well as overall model fit, were examined. RESULTS Impulse control and goal-directed behavior were each associated with depressive symptoms at baseline. Additionally, change in impulse control over time was significantly associated with change in depressive symptoms. However, the same was not true for goal-directed behavior. Overall fit indices for models of emotion regulation strategies were below acceptable levels and thus could not be interpreted. CONCLUSIONS Findings from the present study indicate that adolescents' depressive symptoms appear to improve as their perceived ability to control impulses improves. These results suggest that addressing impulse control difficulties may be an important step in treating adolescent depression and co-occurring disorders.

中文翻译：

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青少年抑郁情绪和情绪调节困难：同时发生的变化轨迹。

引言 青少年抑郁症是一个重要的心理健康问题。情绪调节困难与随后的抑郁症状有关，尽管很少比较情绪调节的不同方面。本研究在临床青少年样本中检查了情绪调节不同方面（目标导向行为、冲动控制和调节策略）和抑郁症状的变化轨迹在 12 个月内的相关程度。方法 参与者包括来自美国的 110 名青少年，他们参加了一项随机试验，该试验测试了对同时存在心理健康和物质使用问题的青少年的认知行为治疗（Mage = 15.71 岁；57.3% 男性）。在基线、3 个月、6 个月和 12 个月的随访中进行了评估。进行了三个单独的双变量潜在基础生长曲线分析。检查了潜在截距和潜在斜率之间的相关性，以及整体模型拟合。结果 冲动控制和目标导向行为均与基线时的抑郁症状相关。此外，随着时间的推移，冲动控制的变化与抑郁症状的变化显着相关。然而，目标导向的行为却并非如此。情绪调节策略模型的总体拟合指数低于可接受的水平，因此无法解释。结论 本研究的结果表明，随着青少年控制冲动的感知能力提高，青少年的抑郁症状似乎有所改善。