Stand-alone devices for tactile speech reception serve a need as communication aids for persons with profound sensory impairments as well as in applications such as human-computer interfaces and remote communication when the normal auditory and visual channels are compromised or overloaded. The current research is concerned with perceptual evaluations of a phoneme-based tactile speech communication device in which a unique tactile code was assigned to each of the 24 consonants and 15 vowels of English. The tactile phonemic display was conveyed through an array of 24 tactors that stimulated the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the forearm. Experiments examined the recognition of individual words as a function of the inter-phoneme interval (Study 1) and two-word phrases as a function of the inter-word interval (Study 2). Following an average training period of 4.3 hrs on phoneme and word recognition tasks, mean scores for the recognition of individual words in Study 1 ranged from 87.7% correct to 74.3% correct as the inter-phoneme interval decreased from 300 to 0 ms. In Study 2, following an average of 2.5 hours of training on the two-word phrase task, both words in the phrase were identified with an accuracy of 75% correct using an inter-word interval of 1 sec and an inter-phoneme interval of 150 ms. Effective transmission rates achieved on this task were estimated to be on the order of 30 to 35 words/min.

中文翻译：

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通过基于音素的触觉显示识别单词和短语

用于触觉语音接收的独立设备需要作为具有严重感官障碍的人的通信辅助工具，以及在正常听觉和视觉通道受损或过载时的人机界面和远程通信等应用中。目前的研究涉及基于音素的触觉语音通信设备的感知评估，其中为英语的 24 个辅音和 15 个元音中的每一个分配了一个唯一的触觉代码。触觉音位显示是通过一组 24 个刺激前臂背侧和腹侧表面的触觉器来传达的。实验检查了单个单词的识别作为音素间间隔的函数（研究 1）和两个词短语作为单词间间隔的函数（研究 2）。在音素和单词识别任务的平均训练时间为 4.3 小时后，随着音素间间隔从 300 毫秒减少到 0 毫秒，研究 1 中单个单词识别的平均分数从正确的 87.7% 到正确的 74.3% 不等。在研究 2 中，经过平均 2.5 小时的双词短语任务训练，使用 1 秒的词间间隔和 1 秒的音素间间隔以 75% 的准确率识别短语中的两个词150 毫秒。在这项任务中实现的有效传输速率估计约为 30 到 35 个字/分钟。对双词短语任务进行了 5 小时的训练，使用 1 秒的词间间隔和 150 毫秒的音素间间隔，以 75% 的准确率识别了短语中的两个词。在这项任务中实现的有效传输速率估计约为 30 到 35 个字/分钟。对双词短语任务进行了 5 小时的训练，使用 1 秒的词间间隔和 150 毫秒的音素间间隔，以 75% 的准确率识别了短语中的两个词。在这项任务中实现的有效传输速率估计约为 30 到 35 个字/分钟。