OBJECTIVE Numerous behavioral treatments for alcohol use disorder (AUD) are effective, but there are substantial individual differences in treatment response. This study examines the potential use of new methods for personalized medicine to test for individual differences in the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) versus motivational enhancement therapy (MET) and to provide predictions of which will work best for individuals with AUD. We highlight both the potential contribution and the limitations of these methods. METHOD We performed secondary analyses of abstinence among 1,144 participants with AUD participating in either outpatient or aftercare treatment who were randomized to receive either CBT or MET in Project MATCH. We first obtained predicted individual treatment effects (PITEs), as a function of 19 baseline client characteristics identified a priori by MATCH investigators. Then, we tested for the significance of individual differences and examined the predicted individual differences in abstinence 1 year following treatment. Predictive intervals were estimated for each individual to determine if they were 80% more likely to achieve abstinence in one treatment versus the other. RESULTS Results indicated that individual differences in the likelihood of abstinence at 1 year following treatment were significant for those in the outpatient sample, but not for those in the aftercare sample. Individual predictive intervals showed that 37% had a better chance of abstinence with CBT than MET, and 16% had a better chance of abstinence with MET. Obtaining predictions for a new individual is demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS Personalized medicine methods, and PITE in particular, have the potential to identify individuals most likely to benefit from one versus another intervention. New personalized medicine methods play an important role in putting together differential effects due to previously identified variables into one prediction designed to be useful to clinicians and clients choosing between treatment options. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

---

将个性化医疗方法应用于酒精使用障碍的治疗。

目的 许多针对酒精使用障碍（AUD）的行为疗法都是有效的，但治疗反应存在很大的个体差异。本研究探讨了个性化医疗新方法的潜在用途，以测试认知行为疗法 (CBT) 与动机增强疗法 (MET) 效果的个体差异，并预测哪种疗法最适合 AUD 患者。我们强调了这些方法的潜在贡献和局限性。方法 我们对参加门诊或术后护理治疗的 1,144 名 AUD 参与者进行了二次戒断分析，这些参与者在 Project MATCH 中被随机接受 CBT 或 MET。我们首先获得了预测的个体治疗效果 (PITE)，这是 MATCH 调查人员先验确定的 19 种基线客户特征的函数。然后，我们测试了个体差异的显着性，并检查了治疗后 1 年禁欲的预测个体差异。对每个人的预测区间进行了估计，以确定他们在一种治疗中实现戒断的可能性是否比另一种治疗高出 80%。结果 结果表明，治疗后 1 年戒断可能性的个体差异对于门诊患者样本而言显着，但对于术后护理样本中的个体差异不显着。个体预测区间显示，37% 的人通过 CBT 戒断的机会比 MET 更高，16% 的人通过 MET 戒断的机会更大。演示了获得对新个体的预测。结论 个性化医疗方法，特别是 PITE，有可能识别出最有可能从一种干预措施中受益的个体。新的个性化医疗方法在将先前确定的变量产生的差异效应整合到一个预测中发挥着重要作用，该预测旨在帮助临床医生和客户在治疗方案之间进行选择。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，保留所有权利）。