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Majoritarianism and digital rights: understanding Kashmir and the ‘Othering of Other’ in the context of India
Visual Studies ( IF 0.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-19 , DOI: 10.1080/1472586x.2021.1951122
Ankita Chatterjee

We live in a world that is increasingly surrounded by visuals. From postcards, photographs, bill boards, magazines to the television screen and now the coming of the internet, the reality comes in mediated forms through multiple and contesting forms of visual culture. The screens proliferate and get embedded in the lives of individuals. This has resulted in increased accessibility and use of smart phones with reduced data costs leading to forging solidarities across nations and creation of shared culture of visuals and writings. It is noted that on the flipside, circulation of misinformation and disinformation takes place to embolden the ethnic majoritarian sentiments that have ideological affiliation with the present ruling party in India. The abrogation of article 370 and article 35A by the present government that gave special status of autonomy to the state of Jammu and Kashmir was arguably unconstitutional but celebrated as a victory of nationalism. In the aftermath of the abrogation, Kashmir witnessed internet ban for more than hundred days and therefore, communication was blocked by the government in the name of safeguarding sovereignty of the Indian nation state and maintenance of public order. Hence, the issue from being technical is political when some people are disconnected (outlawed) from cyber space. The article attends at understanding the context in which some people has been silenced with the internet ban and protest symbols that are historically contextualised but also has the potential to create something new with assemblage of protesting people, visibility of digital technologies and contention in the present regime.



中文翻译:

多数主义和数字权利:在印度的背景下理解克什米尔和“他者的他者”

我们生活在一个越来越被视觉所包围的世界。从明信片、照片、广告牌、杂志到电视屏幕,再到如今互联网的出现,现实通过多种且相互竞争的视觉文化形式以中介形式出现。屏幕激增并融入个人的生活。这导致智能手机的可访问性和使用率增加,数据成本降低,从而促进了各国之间的团结,并创造了视觉和文字的共享文化。值得注意的是,另一方面,错误信息和虚假信息的传播会助长与印度当前执政党有意识形态联系的民族多数主义情绪。现任政府废除赋予查谟和克什米尔邦特殊自治地位的第 370 条和第 35A 条,可以说是违宪的,但却被庆祝为民族主义的胜利。废除后,克什米尔见证了一百多天的互联网禁令,因此,政府以维护印度民族国家主权和维护公共秩序的名义封锁了通讯。因此,当一些人与网络空间断开(被禁止)时,技术问题是政治问题。这篇文章旨在了解某些人因互联网禁令和抗议符号而被沉默的背景,这些符号在历史上具有历史背景,但也有可能通过抗议人群的组合创造出新的东西,

更新日期:2021-07-19
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