Abstract

The Zionist-Israeli Right and the Kibbutz Movement have shared a longstanding and powerful historical rivalry, but their interrelationships were more complex than presented in historiography and recollected in public consciousness. This article seeks to systematically lay out, for the first time, the interfaces between Menachem Begin, the parties under his leadership and the kibbutzim. The discussion will focus on two periods: the first, which has received almost no attention in historiography – the late 1960s and early 1970s – a phase characterized by rapprochement and reconciliation between the leader of the Israeli right-wing party and the Kibbutz Movement. The second, the stage following the political ‘upheaval’ (1977) is better-known but has not yet been thoroughly researched. This period is characterized by an escalation in the relationship between the Likud, Prime Minister Menachem Begin and the Kibbutz Movement. The article examines the contribution of both sides to this escalation, as well as the various economic, social, and political contexts within which it was manifested and its place in Israel’s political history at large.

摘要

犹太复国主义-以色列右翼和基布兹运动有着长期而强大的历史竞争，但它们之间的相互关系比历史编纂和公众意识中所呈现的更为复杂。本文试图首次系统地展示梅纳赫姆·贝京、他领导下的各方与基布兹之间的界面。讨论将集中在两个时期：第一个时期，在史学中几乎没有受到关注——1960 年代末和 1970 年代初——这一阶段的特点是以色列右翼政党领导人与基布兹运动之间的和解与和解。第二，政治“剧变”（1977 年）之后的阶段更为人所知，但尚未得到彻底研究。这一时期的特点是利库德集团、总理梅纳赫姆贝京和基布兹运动之间的关系升级。本文考察了双方对这种升级的贡献，以及它在其中表现出来的各种经济、社会和政治背景，以及它在以色列整个政治史上的地位。