To improve the robustness of the shearer cutting part and reduce the manufacturing cost, in this study, the gear transmission system of a shearer’s cutting unit can be divided into three basic components: single-gear-on-one-shaft form, the planetary reduction form, and double-gears-on-one-shaft form. The dynamic differential equations of each structure are established in this study, and the volume functions of the three basic components are obtained. The characteristics of the internal excitation of the gear transmission system are analyzed, and a scheme for solving the motion parameters of each component is formulated based on the harmonic balance method. Based on the parameters, such as tooth width, tooth number, and modulus, as optimized variables, a robust optimization method minimizing the multi-parameter evaluation function, which is weighted linearly by dimensionless vibration and volume of the gear transmission system, is presented. The gear transmission system of a sample shearer’s cutting unit is optimized using the proposed method. The results show that the transmission system’s size decreases by 5.4%, the drum’s maximum torsional acceleration decreases by 17.8%, and the first gear’s maximum torsional acceleration decreases by 9.6%. Thus, we conclude that the optimum design method decreases a shearer’s manufacturing cost and decreases the cutting unit’s failure rate.

为了提高采煤机切割部分的坚固性并降低制造成本，本研究将采煤机切割单元的齿轮传动系统分为三个基本组成部分：单齿轮一轴形式，行星减速形式和双齿轮一轴形式。本研究建立了各结构的动力微分方程，得到了三个基本构件的体积函数。分析了齿轮传动系统的内激特性，并基于调和平衡法制定了求解各部件运动参数的方案。以齿宽、齿数、模数等参数为优化变量，提出一种最小化多参数评价函数的鲁棒优化方法，提出了由齿轮传动系统的无量纲振动和体积线性加权。使用所提出的方法对采煤机切割单元的齿轮传动系统进行了优化。结果表明，传动系统尺寸减小5.4%，滚筒最大扭转加速度降低17.8%，一档最大扭转加速度降低9.6%。因此，我们得出结论，优化设计方法降低了采煤机的制造成本并降低了切割装置的故障率。滚筒最大扭转加速度降低17.8%，一档最大扭转加速度降低9.6%。因此，我们得出结论，优化设计方法降低了采煤机的制造成本并降低了切割装置的故障率。滚筒最大扭转加速度降低17.8%，一档最大扭转加速度降低9.6%。因此，我们得出结论，优化设计方法降低了采煤机的制造成本并降低了切割装置的故障率。