World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology ( IF 4.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-19 , DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03105-3 Xiangyu Li 1 , Longjian Yang 2 , Kaiqin Xu 3 , Ke Bei 1 , Xiangyong Zheng 1 , Shiwen Lu 1 , Ning An 1 , Jinshan Zhao 1 , Zhan Jin 1
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Constructed wetlands (CWs) are characterized by low construction cost, convenient maintenance and management, and environmentally friendly features. They have emerged as promising technologies for decentralized sewage treatment across rural areas. Source separation of black water and gray water can facilitate sewage recycling and reuse of reclaimed water, reduce the size of treatment facilities, and lower infrastructure investment and operating cost. This is consistent with the concept of sustainable development. However, black water contains high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, and the denitrification capacity of CWs is not excellent due to insufficient carbon source. Therefore, application of CWs for black water treatment faces challenges. This article provides a review on the progress in CWs for treatment of the sewage with high-influent nitrogen load, with emphasis on the commonly used strengthening means and the role of plants in nitrogen removal via CWs. The current issues of rural sewage treatment with high-influent nitrogen load by CWs are also assessed. Finally, the challenges and perspectives are discussed for the optimization of CWs-enhanced denitrification strategies.
Graphic abstract
中文翻译：
人工湿地在高进水氮负荷源头分离处理农村污水中的应用综述
人工湿地（CWs）具有建设成本低、维护管理方便、环境友好等特点。它们已成为农村地区分散式污水处理的有前途的技术。黑水、灰水源头分离，有利于污水回收和中水回用，缩小处理设施规模，降低基础设施投资和运行成本。这与可持续发展的理念是一致的。然而，黑水含有高浓度的氨氮，碳源不足，CWs的反硝化能力并不出色。因此，CWs 在黑水处理中的应用面临挑战。本文综述了 CWs 处理高进水氮负荷污水的进展，重点介绍了常用的强化手段和植物在 CWs 脱氮中的作用。还评估了当前 CW 处理高进水氮负荷农村污水的问题。最后，讨论了优化 CWs 增强反硝化策略的挑战和前景。
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