Background: Toxicology studies have identified pregnancy as a window of susceptibility for endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and cardiometabolic indices in women. No study in humans, however, has examined EDC mixtures and cardiometabolic indices during pregnancy. Methods: We used the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) Study to examine whether bisphenol A (BPA), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), and phthalates are associated with blood pressure, glucose, and lipids in 388 pregnant women. We measured PBDEs and PFAS in serum at 16 weeks gestation, while BPA and phthalate metabolites were quantified in urine at 16 and 26 weeks gestation. We used linear regression and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) to estimate covariate-adjusted associations of individual EDCs and their mixtures with cardiometabolic indices during pregnancy. Results: A 10-fold increase in BDE-28 was associated with a 13.1 mg/dL increase in glucose (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 2.9, 23.2) in linear regression. The BKMR model also identified BDE-28 as having a positive association with glucose. BDE-28, BDE-47, and BDE-99 were positively associated with total cholesterol in both single- and multi-pollutant models, whereas a suggestive negative association was noted with BDE-153. Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP) (β = -7.9 mg/dL, 95% CI −12.9, −3.0) and monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP) (β = −6.3 mg/dL, 95% CI −10.6, −2.0) were both associated with significant decreases in cholesterol in linear regression, but only MBzP was identified as an important contributor in the BKMR model. Conclusion: Overall, we observed positive associations between PBDEs with glucose and cholesterol levels during pregnancy, while negative associations were found between some phthalate biomarkers and cholesterol. No relationship was noted for BPA or PFAS with cardiometabolic indices during pregnancy across both models.

背景：毒理学研究已将妊娠确定为女性内分泌干扰物 (EDC) 和心脏代谢指标易感性的窗口。然而，没有在人类中进行的研究检查过妊娠期间的 EDC 混合物和心脏代谢指标。方法：我们使用健康结果和环境测量 (HOME) 研究来检查双酚 A (BPA)、多溴二苯醚 (PBDE)、全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 以及邻苯二甲酸盐是否与血压、血糖、 388 名孕妇的血脂和血脂。我们在妊娠 16 周时测量了血清中的 PBDEs 和 PFAS，而在妊娠 16 周和 26 周时对尿液中的 BPA 和邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物进行了定量。我们使用线性回归和贝叶斯核机回归 (BKMR) 来估计个体 EDC 的协变量调整关联及其与妊娠期间心脏代谢指标的混合物。结果：在线性回归中，BDE-28 增加 10 倍与葡萄糖增加 13.1 mg/dL 相关（95% 置信区间 [CI] 2.9, 23.2）。BKMR 模型还确定 BDE-28 与葡萄糖呈正相关。在单污染物和多污染物模型中，BDE-28、BDE-47 和 BDE-99 与总胆固醇呈正相关，而与 BDE-153 呈负相关。邻苯二甲酸单正丁酯 (MBP) (β = -7.9 mg/dL, 95% CI -12.9, -3.0) 和邻苯二甲酸单苄酯 (MBzP) (β = -6.3 mg/dL, 95% CI -10.6, -2.0 ) 都与线性回归中胆固醇的显着降低有关，但只有 MBzP 被确定为 BKMR 模型中的重要贡献者。结论：总体而言，我们观察到 PBDEs 与怀孕期间的葡萄糖和胆固醇水平呈正相关，而一些邻苯二甲酸酯生物标志物与胆固醇之间则呈负相关。在两种模型中，没有发现 BPA 或 PFAS 与怀孕期间的心脏代谢指数相关。