The use of long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods-intrauterine devices (IUDs) and implants-has recently expanded rapidly in the United States, and these methods together approach the contraceptive pill in current prevalence. Research on LARCs has analyzed their use to reduce unintended pregnancies but not their use to enable intended pregnancies. Knowledge of both is necessary to understand LARCs' potential impacts on the reproductive life courses of U.S. women. We combine data from two nationally representative surveys to estimate women's likelihood and timing of subsequent reproductive events, including births resulting from an intended pregnancy up to nine years after discontinuing LARC use. We estimate that 62% of women will give birth, and 45% will give birth from an intended pregnancy. Additionally, 18% will have a new LARC inserted, and 13% will transition to sterilization. Most of these reproductive events occur within two years after discontinuing LARC use. Births from an intended pregnancy are especially common when no intervening switch to another contraceptive method occurs. We infer that women's motives for using LARC are varied but include the desire to postpone a birth, to postpone a decision about whether to have a(nother) birth, and to transition definitively to the completion of childbearing.

中文翻译：

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妇女使用长效可逆避孕药来控制生育时间和终止生育。


长效可逆避孕（LARC）方法——宫内节育器（IUD）和皮下埋植剂——的使用最近在美国迅速扩大，这些方法的普及率已经接近避孕药。 LARC 的研究分析了它们在减少意外怀孕方面的用途，但没有分析它们在实现预期怀孕方面的用途。要了解 LARC 对美国妇女生殖生命过程的潜在影响，必须了解这两方面的知识。我们结合了两项全国代表性调查的数据来估计妇女随后发生生殖事件的可能性和时间，包括在停止使用 LARC 后九年内因预期怀孕而导致的分娩。我们估计 62% 的女性会分娩，45% 的女性会因计划怀孕而分娩。此外，18% 将植入新的 LARC，13% 将过渡到绝育。大多数这些生殖事件发生在停止使用 LARC 后两年内。当没有改用另一种避孕方法时，预期怀孕的分娩尤其常见。我们推断，妇女使用 LARC 的动机各不相同，但包括希望推迟生育、推迟决定是否生育（再次生育）以及最终过渡到完成生育。